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Osteolysis and Aseptic Loosening: Cellular Events Near the Implant

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Tribology in Total Hip Arthroplasty

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Abstract

The unavoidable degradation of prosthetic materials results in a continuous release and accumulation of wear debris particles that cause a cellular-mediated inflammatory response. The end point of this process is a localized, peri-implant bone loss, which often culminates in aseptic loosening, failure of the implant and the need for revision surgery. Further efforts are needed to develop materials with improved tribological properties and to elucidate the biological mechanisms involved in wear particle-induced osteolysis. Understanding of this pathology at the cellular level could lead to the development of effective strategies and therapeutic targets for the prevention and treatment of this disease. This chapter summarizes current advances in our understanding of the etiology of periprosthetic osteolysis, focusing on basic biological research concerning those cellular effects of wear debris that govern the progression of osteoarticular prosthesis failure.

An erratum to this chapter can be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-19429-0_19

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046, Madrid, Spain

    Gema Vallés & Nuria Vilaboa

  2. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de. Bioingeniería Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain

    Gema Vallés, Eduardo García-Cimbrelo & Nuria Vilaboa

  3. Departamento de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046, Madrid, Spain

    Eduardo García-Cimbrelo

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  1. Gema Vallés
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  3. Nuria Vilaboa
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  1. , 2nd Orthopaedic Department, Orthopaedic Hospital Vienna-Speising, Speisinger Straße 109, Vienna, 1130, Austria

    Karl Knahr

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Vallés, G., García-Cimbrelo, E., Vilaboa, N. (2011). Osteolysis and Aseptic Loosening: Cellular Events Near the Implant. In: Knahr, K. (eds) Tribology in Total Hip Arthroplasty. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-19429-0_15

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