Abstract
Phonetically, schwa is a very short neutral vowel sound, and like all vowels, its precise quality varies depending on the adjacent consonants. During utterance of words not every schwa following a consonant is pronounced. In order to determine the proper pronunciation of words, it is necessary to identify which schwas are to be deleted and which are to be retained. Schwa deletion is an important step for the development of a high quality Text-To-Speech synthesis system. This paper specifically describes the schwa deletion rules for Punjabi written in Gurmukhi script. Performance analysis of the implemented rule based schwa deletion algorithm, evaluates its accuracy to be 98.27%.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Choudhury, M., Basu, A., Sarkar, S.: A Diachronic Approach for Schwa Deletion in Indo Aryan Languages. In: Workshop of the ACL Special Interest Group on Computational Phonology (SIGPHON), pp. 20–27. ACL, Barcelona (2004)
Narasimhan, B., Sproat, R., Kiraz, G.: Schwa-Deletion in Hindi Text-to-Speech Synthesis. Intl. J. Speech Tech. 7(4), 319–333 (2004)
Bali, K., Talukdar, P.P., Krishna, N.S., Ramakrishnan, A.G.: Tools for the development of a Hindi speech synthesis system. In: 5th ISCA Speech Synthesis Workshop, Pittsburgh, pp. 109–114 (2004)
Choudhury, M., Basu, A.: A rule based algorithm for schwa deletion in Hindi. In: International Conf. on Knowledge-Based Computer Systems, Navi Mumbai, pp. 343–353 (2002)
Tyson, N.R., Nagar, I.: Prosodic Rules for Schwa-Deletion in Hindi Text-to-Speech Synthesis. Intl. J. Speech Tech. 12(1), 15–25 (2009)
Singh, P.: Sidhantik Bhasha Vigyan, pp. 376–378. Madaan Publications, Patiala India (2002)
Bhatia, T.K.: Concise encyclopaedia of languages of the world. In: Brown, K., Ogilvie, S. (eds.), pp. 886–889. Elsevier Ltd., Oxford (2009)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2011 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Singh, P., Lehal, G.S. (2011). A Rule Based Schwa Deletion Algorithm for Punjabi TTS System. In: Singh, C., Singh Lehal, G., Sengupta, J., Sharma, D.V., Goyal, V. (eds) Information Systems for Indian Languages. ICISIL 2011. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 139. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-19403-0_16
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-19403-0_16
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-19402-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-19403-0
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)