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Vergleichende Tierphysiologie pp 343–385Cite as

Osmoregulation und Exkretion

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Zusammenfassung

Wasser ist die Grundlage aller Lebensvorgänge. Im Wasser ist das Leben auf der Erde entstanden und alle Lebewesen bestehen überwiegend aus Wasser. Der relative Anteil des Wassers an der gesamten Körpermasse von Tieren beträgt 60–90%. Wenn man nur die Weichteile des Körpers berücksichtigt, also ohne Exo- oder Endoskelett, so steigt der Anteil des Wassers auf mehr als 90%. Im Körperwasser sind Salze, Nährstoffe, Eiweiße und andere Stoffwechselprodukte gelöst, und in dieser wässrigen Lösung laufen alle biochemischen Reaktionen ab, die den Organismus am Leben erhalten und dessen Wachstum und Vermehrung ermöglichen. Alle Reaktionspartner, Enzyme, Cofaktoren und Ionen, die an dieser komplexen biochemischen Maschinerie mitwirken, müssen deshalb stets in der „richtigen“ Menge vorhanden sein. Dies gilt sowohl für die molaren Mengen der einzelnen Ionen und Stoffwechselprodukte (Molarität) als auch für die Anzahl der insgesamt in der Körperflüssigkeit gelösten Teilchen (Osmolarität), die beide geregelt werden, um eine Homoiostase ihres inneren Milieus zu erreichen.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Fachbereich Biologie – Zoologie –, Universität Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße, 35043, Marburg, Germany

    Professor Dr. Gerhard Heldmaier

  2. Zoologisches Institut, Universität München, Luisenstraße 14, 80333, München, Germany

    Professor Dr. Gerhard Neuweiler

Authors
  1. Professor Dr. Gerhard Heldmaier
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  2. Professor Dr. Gerhard Neuweiler
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© 2004 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Heldmaier, G., Neuweiler, G. (2004). Osmoregulation und Exkretion. In: Vergleichende Tierphysiologie. Springer-Lehrbuch. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18950-0_8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18950-0_8

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-62374-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-18950-0

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