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Tachykinins pp 459–490Cite as

Role of Tachykinins in Neurogenic Inflammation of the Skin and Other External Surfaces

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Part of the book series: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology ((HEP,volume 164))

Abstract

There is evidence for the presence of tachykinins at neuronal and non-neuronal sites in skin. The major mammalian peripheral tachykinins, substance P and neurokinin A, are best known for their localization in the cutaneous sensory nerves. Their release from these nerves to mediate neurogenic inflammation is well documented and the contribution of tachykinins to the acute inflammatory components of oedema formation, increased blood flow and skin diseases is further discussed, including the major involvement of the tachykinin NK1 receptor and the range of toxins and venoms that contain or can release tachykinin-like peptides. Although substance P may have a transient role in mediating increased blood flow in the skin, the more prominent effect in acute situations is that of mediating inflammatory oedema formation, although the relevance of this to pathophysiological situations is poorly understood. Evidence for the involvement of the tachykinins in more chronic inflammatory events, including inflammatory cell accumulation, is detailed and emphasis put on the range of mechanisms by which substance P acts to influence polymorphonuclear leukocyte accumulation and activity in the skin. In addition, the concept that tachykinins from non-neuronal sources may be involved in influencing the inflammatory response, especially that involving immune cells, is raised. Possible roles for the tachykinins in human skin diseases and the evidence for an involvement in specific conditions are also given.

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  1. Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, King’s College London, Guy’ s Campus, London, SEI 1UL, UK

    A. Rawlingson, S. K. Costa & S. D. Brain

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  1. Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 4, 8010, Graz, Austria

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Rawlingson, A., Costa, S.K., Brain, S.D. (2004). Role of Tachykinins in Neurogenic Inflammation of the Skin and Other External Surfaces. In: Holzer, P. (eds) Tachykinins. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 164. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18891-6_14

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