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Osteoporose-Manual pp 39–47Cite as

Risikofaktoren

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Zusammenfassung

Bis vor kurzem wurde die Diagnose einer Osteoporose erst mit Auftreten schmerzhafter Frakturen gestellt. Mit wachsendem Bewusstsein für gesunde Lebensweise wird klar, dass das Erkennen und Vermeiden von Risikofaktoren helfen kann, viele chronische Erkrankungen zu verhüten. Eine 50 Jahre alte postmenopausale Frau, die im Rahmen der jährlichen Vorsorgeuntersuchung zu ihrem Arzt geht, kann heute erwarten, dass ihr Blutdruck gemessen, ihr Cholesterinspiegel bestimmt und eine Mammographie durchgeführt wird — das ist gute medizinische Praxis. Zu einer umfassenden Vorsorgeuntersuchung müssten heutzutage auch das Abfragen der Risikofaktoren für Osteoporose und die Knochendichtemessung gehören. Untersuchungen haben gezeigt, dass eine niedrige Knochendichte das Frakturrisiko genauer vorhersagt als ein erhöhter Cholesterinspiegel den Herzinfarkt oder ein hoher Blutdruck den Schlaganfall. Wir wissen heute, dass viele genetische und erworbene Faktoren für die Entwicklung der Osteoporosen verantwortlich sind. Ferner wurde gezeigt, dass eine niedrige Knochendichte mit einem geringeren Brustkrebsrisiko verknüpft ist: stimulierende Effekte des Östrogens auf den trabekulären Knochen wie auf das Mammagewebe mögen für diese Korrelation verantwortlich sein. Eine Studie an Hämodialysepatienten hat nachgewiesen, dass Veränderungen der Knochendichte mit einer Progression der Arteriosklerose korrelieren.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Medizinische Klinik III, Klinikum Großhadern, Universität München, Deutschland

    Prof. Dr. Med. Reiner Bartl (Leiter des Bayerischen Osteoporosezentrums)

  2. Abteilung für Unfall-, Handund Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Deutschland

    Dr. Med. Christoph Bartl

Authors
  1. Prof. Dr. Med. Reiner Bartl
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  2. Dr. Med. Christoph Bartl
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© 2004 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Bartl, R., Bartl, C. (2004). Risikofaktoren. In: Osteoporose-Manual. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18792-6_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18792-6_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-20892-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-18792-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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