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Intrapartale Asphyxie

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Die Geburtshilfe
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Zusammenfassung

Die Geburtsasphyxie wird definiert als schwerer Sauerstoffmangel des Feten, der während der Eröffnungs- und Austreibungsphase der Geburt entsteht. Beim Neugeborenen macht sich die Asphyxie bemerkbar durch eine schwere, v. a. metabolische Azidose im Nabelschnurblut, einen anhaltend erniedrigten Apgar-Score sowie durch funktionelle Störungen, die Ausdruck hypoxischer Schäden verschiedener Organe einschließlich des zentralen Nervensystems sind. Neben der Morbidität und Mortalität in der Neonatalphase sind auch die Langzeitfolgen von erheblicher Bedeutung. Die Zerebralparese, eine typische postasphyktische psychomotorische Beeinträchtigung im Kindesalter, ist allerdings nur in 10–15% aller nach einer Termingeburt auftretenden Fälle Folge einer bei der Geburt entstehenden hypoxischen Enzephalopathie. Verschiedene Schwangerschaftspathologien können zu Hirnschäden führen, die ebenfalls mit den typischen Symptomen einer Zerebralparese verbunden sind.

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Schneider, H., Gnirs, J. (2004). Intrapartale Asphyxie. In: Schneider, H., Husslein, P., Schneider, KT.M. (eds) Die Geburtshilfe. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18574-8_34

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18574-8_34

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  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-30522-4

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