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Effect-Directed Analysis of Complex Environmental Contamination pp 19–40Cite as

Recent Developments in Whole Sediment Toxicity Identification Evaluations: Innovations in Manipulations and Endpoints

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Part of the book series: The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry ((HEC,volume 15))

Abstract

Whole sediment toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) methods were developed primarily in the late 1990s and early 2000s in research programs dedicated to developing manipulations and endpoints to characterize and identify causes of toxicity to benthic freshwater and marine organisms. The focus of these methods included nonionic organic contaminants, cationic and anionic metals, and ammonia. This chapter discusses innovations in whole sediment TIE manipulations and endpoints developed primarily over the last 10 years. Innovations such as the use of supercritical fluid extraction as a Phase III manipulation, Phase II methods for identifying pyrethroid, organophosphate, and carbamate pesticides, and the integration of genomic endpoints into the TIE structure are described. In North America, recently implemented environmental regulations require the diagnosis and identification of environmental stressors as part of the total maximum daily loading process. These regulations are likely to result in an increase in the conduct of whole sediments TIEs and encourage the development and application of more innovations.

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Acknowledgments

The authors appreciate the insightful technical reviews provided by David Katz, Monique Perron, Jonathan Serbst, and Wayne Munns on this manuscript. This is NHEERL-AED, Narragansett Contribution AED-10-028. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. This report has been reviewed by the US EPAs Office of Research and Development National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Atlantic Ecology Division, Narragansett, RI, and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Agency.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Atlantic Ecology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, RI, 02882, USA

    Robert M. Burgess & Kay T. Ho

  2. National Exposure Research Laboratory, Ecological Exposure Research Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, 26 W. Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH, 45268, USA

    Adam D. Biales

  3. Department of Effects-Directed Analysis, UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany

    Werner Brack

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  1. Robert M. Burgess
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  4. Werner Brack
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Correspondence to Robert M. Burgess .

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  1. for Environmental Research, Department of Effect-Directed Analysis, UFZ Helmholtz Centre, Permoserstr. 15, Leipzig, 04318, Sachsen, Germany

    Werner Brack

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Burgess, R.M., Ho, K.T., Biales, A.D., Brack, W. (2011). Recent Developments in Whole Sediment Toxicity Identification Evaluations: Innovations in Manipulations and Endpoints. In: Brack, W. (eds) Effect-Directed Analysis of Complex Environmental Contamination. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry(), vol 15. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18384-3_2

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