Skip to main content

A Note on a Tree-Based 2D Indexing

  • Conference paper
Implementation and Application of Automata (CIAA 2010)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNTCS,volume 6482))

Included in the following conference series:

  • 569 Accesses

Abstract

A new approach to the 2D pattern matching and specifically to 2D text indexing is proposed. We present the transformation of 2D structures into the form of a tree, preserving the context of each element of the structure. The tree can be linearised using the prefix notation into the form of a text (a string) and we do the pattern matching in this text. Over this representation pushdown automata indexing the 2D text are constructed. They allow to search for 2D prefixes, suffixes, or factors of the 2D text in time proportional to the size of the representation of a 2D pattern. This result achieves the properties analogous to the results obtained in tree pattern matching and string indexing.

Partially supported by Czech Science Foundation project No. 201/09/0807, and by MŠMT of the Czech Republic under research program No. MSM 6840770014.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Giammarresi, D., Restivo, A.: Two-dimensional languages. In: Handbook of Formal Languages, vol. III, pp. 216–267. Springer, Heidelberg (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Giancarlo, R., Grossi, R.: Suffix tree data structures for matrices. In: Apostolico, A., Galil, Z. (eds.) Pattern Matching Algorithms, pp. 293–340. Oxford University Press, Oxford (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Gonnet, G.H.: Efficient searching of text and pictures. Report OED-88-02, University of Waterloo (1988)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Giancarlo, R.: A generalization of the suffix tree to square matrices, with applications. SIAM J. Comput. 24(3), 520–562 (1995)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  5. Amir, A., Farach, M.: Two-dimensional dictionary matching. Inf. Process. Lett. 44(5), 233–239 (1992)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  6. Kim, D.K., Kim, Y.A., Park, K.: Generalizations of suffix arrays to multi-dimensional matrices. Theor. Comput. Sci. 302(1-3), 401–416 (2003)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  7. Na, J.C., Giancarlo, R., Park, K.: On-line construction of two-dimensional suffix tree in \(\mathcal{O}(n^2 \log n)\) time. Algorithmica 48, 173–186 (2007)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  8. Kim, D.K., Kim, Y.A., Park, K.: Constructing suffix arrays for multi-dimensional matrices. In: Farach-Colton, M. (ed.) CPM 1998. LNCS, vol. 1448, pp. 126–139. Springer, Heidelberg (1998)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  9. Giancarlo, R., Grossi, R.: On the construction of classes of suffix trees for square matrices: Algorithms and applications. Inf. Comput. 130(2), 151–182 (1996)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  10. Giancarlo, R.: An index data structure for matrices, with applications to fast two-dimensional pattern matching. In: Dehne, F., et al. (eds.) WADS 1993. LNCS, vol. 709, pp. 337–348. Springer, Heidelberg (1993)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  11. Giancarlo, R., Grossi, R.: Multi-dimensional pattern matching with dimensional wildcards: Data structures and optimal on-line search algorithms. J. Algorithms 24(2), 223–265 (1997)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  12. Inoue, K., Nakamura, A.: Some properties of two-dimensional on-line tessellation acceptors. Inf. Sci. 13(2), 95–121 (1977)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  13. Janoušek, J.: String suffix automata and subtree pushdown automata. In: Holub, J., Žd’árek, J. (eds.) Proc. PSC 2009, CTU in Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 160–172 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Comon, H., et al.: Tree automata techniques and applications (2007), http://www.grappa.univ-lille3.fr/tata (release October 12, 2007)

  15. Cleophas, L.: Tree Algorithms. Two Taxonomies and a Toolkit. PhD thesis, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, Eindhoven (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Flouri, T., Janoušek, J., Melichar, B.: Tree pattern matching by deterministic pushdown automata. In: Ganzha, M., Paprzycki, M. (eds.) Proc. IMCSIT, vol. 4, pp. 659–666. IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Olsen, G.: “Newick’s 8:45” tree format standard (August 1990), http://evolution.genetics.washington.edu/phylip/newick_doc.html

  18. Wagner, K., Wechsung, G.: Computational Complexity. Springer, Heidelberg (2001)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  19. Žd’árek, J.: Two-dimensional Pattern Matching Using Automata Approach. PhD thesis, Czech Technical University in Prague (2010), http://www.stringology.org/papers/Zdarek-PhD_thesis-2010.pdf

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2011 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Žd’árek, J., Melichar, B. (2011). A Note on a Tree-Based 2D Indexing. In: Domaratzki, M., Salomaa, K. (eds) Implementation and Application of Automata. CIAA 2010. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 6482. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18098-9_32

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18098-9_32

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-18097-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-18098-9

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics