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Pharmakologische Ansätze in der Behandlung retinaler Gefäßerkrankungen

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Retinale Gefäßerkrankungen
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Zusammenfassung

Während früher allein Medikamente des vorderen Augenabschnitts – insbesondere Augentropfen – den Markt der ophthalmologischen Präparate dominiert haben, spielen retinale Strukturen als Angriffspunkte eine zunehmende Rolle. Obwohl das Konzept, den Glaskörper als Medikamentenreservoir oder Depot zu nutzen, ursprünglich schon von Machemer (PVR-Prophylaxe) stammt, wurden die ersten Erfahrungen mit der intravitrealen Pharmakotherapie hauptsächlich in der Behandlung infektiöser Retiniden und Endophthalmitiden weiterentwickelt. Indem Erreger wie Bakterien oder Cytomegalieviren direkt am Ort der Erkrankung behandelt wurden, konnte die systemische Exposition und so auch die Nebenwirkungen reduziert werden. Gleichzeitig kann die Dosis an die okulären Anforderungen angepasst werden, weil die Blut-Netzhaut-Schranke der retinalen Gefäße nicht mehr zu überwinden ist. Nach kristalloiden Wirkstoffen, die definierte Mengen entsprechend des Löslichkeitsprodukts abgeben, stehen heute ausgeklügelte Drug-Release-Systeme für den Glaskörperraum zur Verfügung.

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Ziemssen, F. (2012). Pharmakologische Ansätze in der Behandlung retinaler Gefäßerkrankungen. In: Retinale Gefäßerkrankungen. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18021-7_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18021-7_7

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-18020-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-18021-7

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