Abstract
While more than 50% of all aesthetic surgeries are performed in the office, the majority of the newer noninvasive and minimally invasive cosmetic and restorative procedures are performed in the office setting. As a consequence of this shift toward less invasive procedures and greater office-based surgery, the surgeon has assumed a greater role in the selection and management of the anesthesia administered during the procedure. The surgical facility and ancillary personnel are discussed with preoperative risk assessment and preexisting disease. Local anesthesia, local anesthesia combined with sedation, regional anesthesia, and general anesthesia are described in detail.
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Recommended Reading
McGoldrick K, editor. Ambulatory anesthesiology. A problem-oriented approach. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins; 1995.
Miller RD. Anesthesia. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone; 2000.
White PF, editor. Ambulatory anesthesia & surgery. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders; 1997.
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Bennett, G.D. (2012). Anesthesia for Minimally Invasive Cosmetic Surgery of the Head and Neck. In: Erian, A., Shiffman, M. (eds) Advanced Surgical Facial Rejuvenation. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17838-2_6
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