Abstract
Mobile Ad hoc networks (MANETs) require dynamic routing schemes for adequate performance. This paper, presents a new routing algorithm for MANETs, which combines the idea of ant colony optimization with Zone-based Hierarchical Link State (ZHLS) protocol. Ant colony optimization (ACO) is a class of Swarm Intelligence (SI) algorithms. SI is the local interaction of many simple agents to achieve a global goal. SI is based on social insect for solving different types of problems. ACO algorithm uses mobile agents called ants to explore network. Ants help to find paths between two nodes in the network. Our algorithm is based on ants jump from one zone to the next zones which contains of the proactive routing within a zone and reactive routing between the zones. Our proposed algorithm improves the performance of the network such as delay, packet delivery ratio and overhead than traditional routing algorithms.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Haas, Z.J., Gerla, M., Johnson, D.B., Perkins, C.E., Pursley, M.B., Steenstrup, M., Toh, C.K.: Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks. IEEE J. on Selected Areas in Communications, Special Issue on Wireless Networks 17(8), 1329–1332 (1999)
Mauve, M., Widner, J., Hartenstein, H.: A Survey on Position-based Routing in Mobile Ad-hoc Networks. IEEE Network J. 16, 30–39 (2001)
Abolhasan, M., Wysocki, T., Dutkiewicz, E.: A Review of Routing Protocols for Mobile Ad hoc Networks. Ad Hoc Networks J., Elsevier Computer Science 2, 1–22 (2004)
Dorigo, M., Di Caro, G., Gambardella, L.: Ant Colony Optimization: A New Meta-heuristic. In: IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, Washington, DC, vol. 2, pp. 1470–1477 (1999)
Perkins, C.E., Watson, T.J.: Highly Dynamic Destination Sequenced Distance Vector Routing (DSDV) for Mobile Computers. In: ACM Conference on Communications Architectures SIGCOMM 1994, London, UK (1994)
Murthy, S., Garcia-Luna-Aceves, J.J.: A routing protocol for packet radio networks. In: The 1st ACM/IEEE Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking, Berkeley, CA, pp. 86–95 (1995)
Das, S., Perkins, C., Royer, E.: Ad hoc on Demand Distance Vector (AODV) Routing. Internet Draft, draft-ietf-manetaodv-11.txt, work in progress (2002)
Johnson, D.B., Maltz, D.A.: The Dynamic Source Routing Protocol for Mobile Ad hoc Networks. Internet Draft, draft-ietf-manet-dsr-07.txt, work in progress (2002)
Toh, C.K.: Associativity-based Routing for Ad-hoc Mobile Networks. Wireless Personal Communications 4(2), 103–139 (1997)
Park, V.D., Corson, M.S.: A Highly Adaptive Distributed Routing Algorithm for Mobile Wireless Networks. In: The IEEE Conference on Computer Communications, Kobe, Japan, pp. 7–11 (1997)
Hass, Z.J., Pearlman, R.: Zone Routing Protocol for Ad-hoc Networks, Internet Draft, draft-ietf-manet-zrp-02.txt, work in progress (1999)
Joa-Ng, M., Lu, I.T.: A Peer-to-Peer Zone-based Two-level Link State Routing for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks. IEEE J. on Selected Areas in communications, Special Issue on Ad-Hoc Networks, 1415–1425 (1999)
Nikaein, N., Laboid, H., Bonnet, C.: Distributed Dynamic Routing Algorithm (DDR) for Mobile Ad hoc Networks. In: 1st Annual Workshop on Mobile Ad Hoc Networking and Computing, MobiHOC 2000 (2000)
DiCaro, G., Dorigo, M.: AntNet: Distributed Stigmergetic Control for Communications Networks. J. on Artificial Intelligence Research 9, 317–365 (1998)
Schoonderwoerd, R., Holland, O., Bruten, J., Rothkrantz, L.: Ant-based Load Balancing in Telecommunication Networks. Adaptive Behavior 5, 169–207 (1996)
Gunes, M., Sorges, U., Bouazzi, I.: ARA – The Ant Colony Based Routing Algorithm for MANETs. In: the International Conference on Parallel Processing Workshops (ICPPW 2002), Vancouver, BC, pp. 79–85 (2002)
Hossein, O., Saadawi, T.: Ant Routing Algorithm for Mobile Ad hoc Networks (ARAMA). In: 22nd IEEE International Performance, Computing, and Communications Conference, Phoenix, Arizona, USA, pp. 281–290 (2003)
DiCaro, G., Ducatelle, F., Gambardella, L.M.: AntHocNet: An Adaptive Nature Inspired Algorithm for Routing in Mobile Ad hoc Networks. European Transactions on Telecommunications (Special Issue on Self-Organization in Mobile Networking) 16(2) (2005)
Wang, J., Osagie, E., Thulasiraman, P., Thulasiram, R.K.: HOPNET: A Hybrid Ant Colony Optimization Routing Algorithm for Mobile Ad hoc Network. Ad Hoc Network J. 7(4), 690–705 (2009)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2010 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Rafsanjani, M.K., Asadinia, S., Pakzad, F. (2010). A Hybrid Routing Algorithm Based on Ant Colony and ZHLS Routing Protocol for MANET. In: Kim, Th., Vasilakos, T., Sakurai, K., Xiao, Y., Zhao, G., Ślęzak, D. (eds) Communication and Networking. FGCN 2010. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 120. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17604-3_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17604-3_12
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-17603-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-17604-3
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)