Skip to main content

Real-Time Face Recognition from Surveillance Video

  • Chapter

Part of the book series: Studies in Computational Intelligence ((SCI,volume 332))

Abstract

This chapter describes an experimental system for the recognition of human faces from surveillance video. In surveillance applications, the system must be robust to changes in illumination, scale, pose and expression. The system must also be able to perform detection and recognition rapidly in real time.

Our system detects faces using the Viola-Jones face detector, then extracts local features to build a shape-based feature vector. The feature vector is constructed from ratios of lengths and differences in tangents of angles, so as to be robust to changes in scale and rotations in-plane and out-of-plane. Consideration was given to improving the performance and accuracy of both the detection and recognition steps.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Alex, M., Vasilescu, O., Terzopoulos, D.: Multilinear analysis of image ensembles: TensorFaces. In: Heyden, A., Sparr, G., Nielsen, M., Johansen, P. (eds.) ECCV 2002. LNCS, vol. 2350, pp. 447–460. Springer, Heidelberg (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Bartlett, M., Movellan, J., Sejnowski, T.: Face recognition by Independent Component Analysis. IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks 13(6), 1450–1464 (2002), doi:10.1109/TNN.2002.804287

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Belhumeur, P., Hespanha, J., Kriegman, D.: Eigenfaces vs. Fisherfaces: Recognition using class specific linear projection. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 19(7), 711–720 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Bentham, J.: Panopticon; or, the inspection-house: Containing the idea of a new principle of construction applicable to any sort of establishment, in which persons of any description are to be kept under inspection; and in particular to penitentiary-houses (1843), http://oll.libertyfund.org/

  5. Bradski, G.R., Kaehler, A.: Learning OpenCV (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Daugman, J.: High confidence visual recognition of persons by a test of statistical independence. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 15(11), 1148–1161 (1993)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Forsyth, D., Ponce, J.: Computer vision: a modern approach. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Freund, Y., Schapire, R.: A decision-theoretic generalization of on-line learning and an application to boosting. Journal of Computer and System Sciences 55(1), 119–139 (1997)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  9. Funahashi, T., Fujiwara, T., Koshimizu, H.: Hierarchical tracking of face, facial parts and their contours with PTZ camera. In: 2004 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT), pp. 198–203. IEEE, Los Alamitos (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Hsu, R., Abdel-Mottaleb, M., Jain, A.: Face detection in color images. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 24(5), 696–706 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Isard, M., Blake, A.: Condensation — conditional density propagation for visual tracking. International Journal of Computer Vision 29(1), 5–28 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Islam, S., Bennamoun, M., Davies, R.: Fast and fully automatic ear detection using cascaded AdaBoost. In: 2008 IEEE Workshop on Applications of Computer Vision, IEEE Workshop on Applications of Computer Vision, pp. 205–210. IEEE, Los Alamitos (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Jiang, R.M., Crookes, D.: Multimodal biometric human recognition for perceptual human-computer interaction (draft). IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Kawaguchi, T., Rizon, M., Hidaka, D.: Detection of eyes from human faces by hough transform and separability filter. Electronics and Communications in Japan Part II-Electronics 88(5), 29–39 (2005), doi:10.1002/ecjb.20178

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Klauser, F.: Interacting forms of expertise in security governance: the example of CCTV surveillance at Geneva International Airport. British Journal of Sociology 60(2), 279–297 (2009), doi:10.1111/j.1468-4446.2009.01231.x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Lienhart, R., Maydt, J.: An extended set of haar-like features for rapid object detection. In: Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP), IEEE Signal Proc. Soc. 2002, vol. I, pp. 900–903. IEEE, Los Alamitos (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Lin, J., Ming, J., Crookes, D.: A probabilistic union approach to robust face recognition with partial distortion and occlusion. In: 2008 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP), vol. 1-12, pp. 993–996. IEEE, Los Alamitos (2008)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  18. News, B.: 1,000 cameras ‘solve one crime’ (August 24, 2009), http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/8219022.stm

  19. Nor’aini, A., Raveendran, P.: Improving face recognition using combination of global and local features. In: 2009 6th International Symposium on Mechatronics and its Applications (ISMA), pp. 433–438. IEEE, Los Alamitos (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Norris, C.: The Maximum Surveillance Society: the Rise of CCTV. Berg, Oxford (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Norris, C., Armstrong, G.: Space invaders: The reality of a CCTV control room in Northern England raises the old question, “Who guards the guards?”. Index on Censorship 29(3), 50–52 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Peter, A.: Surveillance at the airport: surveilling mobility/mobilising surveillance. Environment and Planning A 36(8), 1365–1380 (2004), doi:10.1068/a36159

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Papel, I., Frodel, J.: Facial plastic and reconstructive surgery. Thieme, New York (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Pass, A., Zhang, J., Stewart, D.: An investigation into features for multi-view lipreading. In: IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP). IEEE, Los Alamitos (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Register, T.: IT contractors convicted of uk casino hack scam (March 15, 2010), http://www.theregister.co.uk/2010/03/15/uk_casino_hack_scam/

  26. Rosen, J.: A cautionary tale for a new age of surveillance (October 7, 2001), http://www.nytimes.com/2001/10/07/magazine/07SURVEILLANCE.html

  27. Shapiro, L.G.: Computer vision. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Sharkas, M., Abou Elenien, M.: Eigenfaces vs. Fisherfaces vs. ICA for face recognition; a comparative study. In: ICSP: 2008 Proceedings of 9th International Conference on Signal Processing, vol. 1-5, pp. 914–919. IEEE, Los Alamitos (2008)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  29. Sinha, P., Balas, B., Ostrovsky, Y., Russell, R.: Face recognition by humans: Nineteen results all computer vision researchers should know about. Proceedings of the IEEE 94(11), 1948–1962 (2006), doi:10.1109/JPROC.2006.884093

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Turk, M., Pentland, A.: Face recognition using Eigenfaces. In: 1991 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 586–591. IEEE, Los Alamitos (1991)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  31. Viola, P., Jones, M.: Robust real-time face detection. International Journal of Computer Vision 57(2), 137–154 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Wiskott, L., Fellous, J., Kruger, N., von der Malsburg, C.: Face recognition by elastic bunch graph matching. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 19(7), 775–779 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Xu, Z., Wu, H.R.: Shape feature based extraction for face recognition. In: ICIEA: 2009 4th IEEE Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications, vol. 1-6, pp. 3034–3039. IEEE, Los Alamitos (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  34. Zhao, W., Chellappa, R.: Face processing (2006), http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0645/2006296212-d.html

  35. Zhao, W., Chellappa, R., Phillips, P., Rosenfeld, A.: Face recognition: A literature survey. ACM Computing Surveys 35(4), 399–459 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Zhou, H., Yuan, Y., Sadka, A.: Application of semantic features in face recognition. Pattern Recognition 41(10), 3251–3256 (2008), doi:10.1016/j.patcog.2008.04.008

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2011 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Davis, M., Popov, S., Surlea, C. (2011). Real-Time Face Recognition from Surveillance Video. In: Zhang, J., Shao, L., Zhang, L., Jones, G.A. (eds) Intelligent Video Event Analysis and Understanding. Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol 332. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17554-1_8

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17554-1_8

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-17553-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-17554-1

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics