Abstract
This paper presents a synthesis of the results and the evaluation methods of recharge in 51 carbonate aquifers of the Betic Cordillera. The average infiltration coefficient is 38 %, with a standard deviation of 12 %. The method of evaluation of recharge most applied is soil water balance, which served to take the first steps in groundwater management in Spain. Other widely used methods are water balance of the aquifer, chloride mass balance, and empirical methods such as APLIS. In eastern areas of the Cordillera, where the semiarid conditions are more overt, distributed models are used to assess recharge and calibrate it with data from the piezometric level evolution. In general, the annual recharge rates obtained appear higher when correlated with the annual rainfall. Thus, the data presented in this work contribute to a correct evaluation of renewable resources associated with the carbonate aquifers of the region. The high capacity of recharge and good quality of water for different uses, and especially to supply the population, makes these aquifers essential in the face of strong demand. Moreover, the data presented should be of special interest for future comparisons involving recharge assessments and different scenarios of climate change and changes in land use.
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Acknowledgments
This report was produced in the framework of the Associate Unit “Advanced Hydrogeologic Studies” between the IGME and the Hydrogeology Group at the University of Málaga. It is a contribution to the projects CGL-2010-15498, CGL-2012-32590 of DGICYT and IGCP 598 of UNESCO, and to the Research’s Groups RNM-126 and 308 of the Junta de Andalucía.
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Appendix I. Recharge Estimating Using Variety of Methods
Appendix I. Recharge Estimating Using Variety of Methods
Number | Aquifer | S (km2) | Method | P (mm/year) | R (mm/year) | R/P (%) | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Ventós-Castellar | 7 | ERAS | 242 | 7 | 3,0 | Andreu et al. (2001) |
ERAS | 272 | 13 | 5,0 | Martinez-Santos and Andreu (2010) | |||
2 | Peñarrubia | 41,5 | ERAS | 372 | 114 | 31,0 | Murilo and Roncero (2005) |
ERAS | 446 | 163 | 37,0 | Aguilera and Murillo (2009) | |||
3 | Serral-Salinas | 198 | ERAS | 372 | 49 | 13,0 | Corral et al. (2004) |
ERAS | 446 | 18 | 4,0 | Aguilera and Murillo (2009) | |||
4 | Cabeçó d’Or | 15 | ERAS | 400 | 68 | 17,0 | Murilo and De la Orden (1996) |
5 | Solana | 118 | ERAS | 333 | 76 | 23,0 | Murilo et al. (2004) |
ERAS | 446 | 208 | 47,0 | Aguilera and Murillo (2009) | |||
6 | Jumilla-Villena | 320 | ERAS | 446 | 56 | 13,0 | Aguilera and Murillo (2009) |
7 | Sierra de Cazorla | 823 | AWB | 740 | 297 | 40,0 | Moral (2005) |
CMB | 740 | 190 | 26,0 | Benavente et al. (2004) | |||
APLIS | 740 | 244 | 33,0 | Andreo et al. (2008) | |||
CMB | 740 | 274 | 37,0 | Alcalá and Custodio (2014) | |||
8 | Sierra de Gadór | 670 | SWB | 550 | 150 | 27,0 | Pulido-Bosch et al. (2000) |
CMB | 550 | 120 | 22,0 | Alcalá et al. (2011) | |||
SWB | 550 | 164 | 30,0 | Contreras et al. (2008) | |||
SWB,CMB | 550 | 105 | 19,0 | Alcalá et al. (2011) | |||
CMB | 550 | 142 | 26,0 | Alcála and Custodio (2014) | |||
9 | Sierra de las Cabras | 34 | AWB | 964 | 318 | 33,0 | IGME-GHUMA (2003) |
APLIS | 964 | 347 | 36,0 | Andreo et al. (2008) | |||
10 | Sierra de Líbar | 89 | AWB | 1299 | 714 | 55,0 | IGME-GHUMA (2003) |
APLIS | 1299 | 652 | 50,2 | Marín (2009) | |||
11 | Sierra de las Nieves | 129 | AWB | 1004 | 552 | 55,0 | IGME-GHUMA (2003) |
APLIS | 1004 | 564 | 56,2 | Marín (2009) | |||
12 | Sierras Blanca and Sierra de Mijas | 173 | AWB | 712 | 320 | 45,0 | IGME-GHUMA (2003) |
APLIS | 712 | 309 | 43,4 | Marín (2009) | |||
13 | Sierra de Cabra and | 196 | AWB | 800 | 360 | 45,0 | IGME-GHUMA (2003) |
Rute-Horconera | APLIS | 800 | 310 | 38,7 | Andreo et al. (2008) | ||
14 | Sierra Gorda de Loja | 334 | SWB, Kessler | 861 | 474 | 50,0 | IGME-GHUMA (2003) |
APLIS | 861 | 510 | 59,2 | Marín (2009) | |||
15 | Sector Sierra de María Sector | 33 | AWB | 450 | 144 | 32,0 | |
Sierra de María | 70 | APLIS | 484 | 185 | 38,2 | Andreo et al. (2008) | |
16 | Becerrero | 26,2 | SWB | 586 | 185 | 31,6 | Martos-Rosillo et al. (2013) |
APLIS | 586 | 246 | 42,0 | ||||
CMB | 586 | 208 | 35,5 | ||||
17 | Mingo | 0,6 | SWB | 534 | 240 | 44,9 | |
APLIS | 534 | 283 | 53,0 | ||||
ERAS | 534 | 252 | 47,2 | ||||
18 | Hacho | 1,6 | SWB | 543 | 183 | 33,7 | |
APLIS | 543 | 239 | 44,0 | ||||
ERAS | 543 | 188 | 34,6 | ||||
19 | Águilas | 4,4 | SWB | 564 | 240 | 42,6 | |
APLIS | 564 | 237 | 42,0 | ||||
CMB | 564 | 217 | 38,5 | ||||
20 | Pleites | 2,9 | SWB APLIS | 571 571 | 183 183 | 32,0 32,0 | |
21 | Sierra de la Silla | 10 | CMB | 995 | 386 | 38,8 | |
SWB | 995 | 418 | 42,0 | ||||
APLIS | 995 | 398 | 40,0 | ||||
22 | Sierra de Mollina-La Camorra | 11,8 | SWB | 443 | 192 | 43,2 | Ruiz-Gonzalez (2012) |
APLIS | 443 | 199 | 44,9 | ||||
23 | Sierra de Humilladero | 4,9 | SWB | 443 | 192 | 43,2 | |
APLIS | 443 | 199 | 44,9 | ||||
24 | Ahíllo | 8,1 | ERAS | 544 | 178 | 32,7 | De Mingo (2013) |
25 | Torres-Jimena (Jimena) | SWB | 413 | 161 | 39,0 | In preparation (IGME-DPJ) | |
APLIS | 413 | 149 | 36,0 | ||||
26 | Bedmar-Jódar | 17 | SWB | 415 | 156 | 37,6 | Mancera (2013) |
APLIS | 415 | 150 | 36,0 | ||||
27 | Mancha Real-Pegalajar | 22,9 | CMB | 795 | 294 | 37,0 | González-Ramón (2007) |
SWB | 795 | 318 | 40,0 | ||||
28 | La Alta Cadena | 76 | APLIS | 665 | 303 | 45,5 | Mudarra (2012) |
SWB | 665 | 339 | 51,0 | ||||
CMB | 665 | 390 | 58,7 | ||||
29 | Serrania de Ronda Oriental | 104 | APLIS | 908 | 497 | 54,7 | Barberá (2014) |
SWB | 908 | 463 | 51,0 | ||||
CMB | 908 | 498 | 54,8 | ||||
30 | Torcal de Antequera | 28,7 | APLIS | 641 | 357 | 55,7 | CEHIUMA (2010) |
31 | Sierra de Archidona | 7,6 | APLIS | 590 | 199 | 33,8 | |
32 | Sierra del valle de Abdalajís | 40,5 | APLIS | 591 | 203 | 34,3 | |
33 | Sierra de Jarastepar | 45,2 | APLIS | 960 | 425 | 44,3 | |
34 | Dolomias de Ronda | 18,2 | APLIS | 810 | 355 | 43,8 | |
35 | Sierra de los Filabres | 130,4 | APLIS | 362 | 100 | 27,6 | |
36 | Sierra de las Alberquillas | 117,1 | APLIS | 750 | 242 | 32,2 | |
37 | Sierra de Gibalto-Arroyo Marin | 7,7 | APLIS | 787 | 268 | 34,0 | |
38 | Sierra de Escalate | 20,7 | APLIS | 442 | 150 | 33,9 | |
39 | Bédar-Alcornia | 20,1 | APLIS | 354 | 117 | 33,1 | |
40 | Sierra Valleja | 5,9 | APLIS | 780 | 257 | 32,9 | |
41 | Sierra de Líjar | 24,2 | APLIS | 670 | 293 | 43,7 | |
42 | Sierra de En medio-Los Tajos | 27,8 | APLIS | 752 | 286 | 38,0 | |
43 | Albuñol | 26,1 | APLIS | 482 | 123 | 25,5 | |
44 | Sierra Almijara | 70,6 | APLIS | 750 | 322 | 42,9 | |
45 | Sierra de Cañete Sur | 40,7 | APLIS | 588 | 201 | 34,1 | |
46 | Carcabal | 1,9 | CMB SWB | 530 751 | 207 346 | 39,1 46,1 | |
47 | Mágina NE-1 | 6,5 | AWB | 548 | 210 | 38,3 | Gollonet et al. (2002) |
SWB | 548 | 181 | 33,0 | ||||
48 | Mágina SW-1 | 17 | AWB | 717 | 310 | 43,2 | |
SWB | 717 | 344 | 48,0 | ||||
49 | Mágina SW-2 | 13,4 | AWB | 548 | 193 | 35,3 | |
SWB | 548 | 210 | 38,3 | ||||
50 | Sierra del Espino | 2 | AWB | 1071 | 600 | 56,0 | Moral (2005) |
SWB | 1071 | 720 | 67,2 | ||||
51 | Montesinos | 7,3 | AWB | 702 | 233 | 33,2 | ITGE-COPTJA (1996) |
SWB | 702 | 274 | 39,0 |
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Martos-Rosillo, S., González-Ramón, A., Jiménez, P., Durán, J., Andreo, B., Mancera-Molero, E. (2015). Synthesis of Groundwater Recharge of Carbonate Aquifers in the Betic Cordillera (Southern Spain). In: Andreo, B., Carrasco, F., Durán, J., Jiménez, P., LaMoreaux, J. (eds) Hydrogeological and Environmental Investigations in Karst Systems. Environmental Earth Sciences, vol 1. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17435-3_11
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