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Interorganisatorische Wissensnetzwerke pp 17–58Cite as

Konzeptionelle Grundlagen der Produktion, Verbreitung und Nutzung von Wissen in Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft

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Zusammenfassung

Dieser Beitrag bietet einige Basiskonzepte für die theoretische Grundlegung einer Ökonomik des Wissens und von Wissensnetzwerken. Ausgehend von einer analytisch zweckmäßigen Definition des Wissens und einer Differenzierung zwischen verschiedenen Formen, Typen, Manifestationen und Attributen des Wissens im Unterschied zu Informationen und Daten wird ein Drei-Kategorien-Konzept ökonomisch relevanten Wissens empfohlen. Die Bedeutung von Wissen als strategische Ressource für einzelne Unternehmen und ganze Volkswirtschaften wird vor dem Hintergrund der Weiterentwicklung des ressourcenbasierten Ansatzes zum wissensbasierten Ansatz des strategischen Managements herausgearbeitet und in Verbindung zur Humankapitalbildung und zur Kompetenzentwicklung gebracht. Die folgende Charakterisierung der beiden gesellschaftlichen Institutionen Arbeitsteilung und Wissensteilung mit ihren jeweils typischen Allokations- und Anreizmechanismen stellt die Besonderheiten der Ressource Wissen heraus. Ein abschließender Vergleich der drei Organisationsformen Markt, Hierarchie und Netzwerk für das besondere Gut Wissen zeigt, dass interorganisatorische Wissensnetzwerke keine Hybridform zwischen Wissensmärkten und Wissenshierarchien darstellen, sondern eine eigenständige und einzigartige Organisationsform für die Hervorbringung innovativer und kreativer Ideen und Problemlösungen.

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  1. Lehrstuhl für AVWL, insbesondere Weltwirtschafl und Internationales Management, EUROPEAN BUSINESS SCHOOL, International University, Schloß Reichartshausen, D-65375, Oestrich-Winkel, Deutschland

    Rolf Caspers & Petra Kreis-Hoyer

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  1. Lehrstuhl für Außenwirtschaft und Internationales Management, European Business School, Schloß Reichartshausen, 65375, Oestrich-Winkel

    Rolf Caspers

  2. Roland Berger Strategy Consultants, Stadthausbrücke 7, 20355, Hamburg

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  3. Universität St. Gallen Institut für Öffenfliche Dienstleistungen und Tourismus, Varnbüelstraße 19, 9000, St. Gallen

    Thomas Bieger

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Caspers, R., Kreis-Hoyer, P. (2004). Konzeptionelle Grundlagen der Produktion, Verbreitung und Nutzung von Wissen in Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft. In: Caspers, R., Bickhoff, N., Bieger, T. (eds) Interorganisatorische Wissensnetzwerke. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17113-0_2

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