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Elastin

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The Extracellular Matrix: an Overview

Part of the book series: Biology of Extracellular Matrix ((BEM))

Abstract

Elastin is the extracellular matrix protein that imparts elasticity to tissue subjected to repeated stretch, such as blood vessels and the lung. It is encoded by a single gene in mammals and is secreted as a 60–70 kDa monomer called tropoelastin that, with the assistance of several fibulins, associates with microfibrils to form the elastic fiber. All tropoelastins share a characteristic domain arrangement of hydrophobic sequences alternating with lysine-containing cross-linking motifs. In the extracellular space, >80% of the lysine residues form covalent cross-links between and within elastin molecules in a process catalyzed by a member of the lysyl oxidase gene family. Mutations in the elastin gene have been linked to supravalvular aortic stenosis and the autosomal dominant form of cutis laxa.

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Acknowledgments

The original work from the Mecham lab reported in this chapter was supported in part by NIH grants RO1 HL53325, HL74138, and P50-HL84922.

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  1. Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA

    Beth A. Kozel

  2. Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA

    Robert P. Mecham

  3. Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Joel Rosenbloom

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Correspondence to Robert P. Mecham .

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  1. School of Medicine, Dept. Cell Biology & Physiology, Washington University, S. Euclid Avenue 660, St. Louis, 63110, Missouri, USA

    Robert P. Mecham

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Kozel, B.A., Mecham, R.P., Rosenbloom, J. (2011). Elastin. In: Mecham, R. (eds) The Extracellular Matrix: an Overview. Biology of Extracellular Matrix. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16555-9_8

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