Abstract
Because of the detection of several pollution hazards in the park area and its surroundings, groundwater protection in the Viñales National Park has been defined as a priority in its Management Plan for the next 5 years (2009–2013). These hazards directly affect the surface waters, and the karst nature of the territory allows the contaminants to enter directly to the aquifers without any or almost negligible self-depuration processes. In turn, these can affect very large areas in a short time. In this paper several results of precedent studies related to the vulnerability, hazards, risk, and the mapping of the spatial variability of natural recharge are integrated in a GIS analysis. The methodology is based on Jimenez-Madrid et al. (2010) slightly modified in this contribution. The analysis of hydrographs, chemographs, mathematical models and tracer tests become necessary for the definition of a response plan against any contamination events and for model validation, together with the incorporation of data related to the energetic responses from the aquifer system to external forcing.
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Acknowledgments
The results were achieved due to the activities supported by the Management Plan of National Park Viñales, especially the investigation programs: “Hydrogeology and vulnerability of karst aquifers in the National Park Viñales” and “Integrated studies of physical environment for implementation of treatment residual water systems in communities of National Park Viñales”, this last of which was in coordination with the University of Alcalá and IMDEA Water Foundation.
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Farfán, H., Corvea, J.L., de Bustamante Gutiérrez, I. (2013). Assessment of Groundwater Protection Zones at the Viñales National Park, Cuba. In: Farfán González, H., Corvea Porras, J., de Bustamente Gutiérrez, I., LaMoreaux, J. (eds) Management of Water Resources in Protected Areas. Environmental Earth Sciences. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16330-2_12
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