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Wild Crop Relatives: Genomic and Breeding Resources pp 73–87Cite as

Dactylis

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Abstract

Dactylis is a genus of diploids, tetraploids and a hexaploid. Many tetraploids and an occasional diploid have been domesticated. The genus arose in central Asia as a diploid and underwent adaptive radiation throughout the forested region from the Himalayas to Portugal. Glaciation events in Europe reduced the range to disjunct glacial refugia in the south but also opened up North Africa and nearby Atlantic Islands to expansion. Although tetraploids were probably initiated prior to the glaciations, those based on single populations offered little advantage over diploids. However, the enhanced genetic diversity and the vigor of interecotypic tetraploids provided them with an ecological advantage in the post-glacial northward expansion, leaving diploids with little more than a restricted distribution in Europe, Eurasia and North Africa. Many diploid forms are under serious threat from habitat degradation and climate warming and their collection is essential for future tetraploid breeding.

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to acknowledge the support of PGG Wrightson Seeds and AgResearch, and the numerous people who supplied germplasm.

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  1. PGG Wrightson Seeds, 175, Lincoln, Christchurch, 7640, New Zealand

    Alan V. Stewart

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  1. Alan V. Stewart
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  2. Nicholas W. Ellison
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Correspondence to Alan V. Stewart .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Nutraceutical Research, Clemson University, Jordan Hall 109, Clemson, 29634, South Carolina, USA

    Chittaranjan Kole

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Stewart, A.V., Ellison, N.W. (2011). Dactylis . In: Kole, C. (eds) Wild Crop Relatives: Genomic and Breeding Resources. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14255-0_5

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