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Fagopyrum

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Wild Crop Relatives: Genomic and Breeding Resources

Abstract

The genus Fagopyrum consists of about 19 species, of which only two species, namely F. esculentum and F. tartaricum, are cultivated. The members of the genus fall into two phylogenetic groups, viz. the cymosum group and the urophyllum group. The cymosum group comprises the two cultivated species F. esculentum and F. tartaricum and four wild species, viz. F. cymosum, F. homotropicum, F. lineare, and F. pilus. The urophyllum group, on the other hand, comprises F. urophyllum and the rest of the wild species.

Even though genome size of an organism is considered to be one of the important indicators of phylogenetic relationship and genetic diversity, the underlying causes of genome size variation are not well understood. Significantly, not much information is available on genome size variation within either wild or cultivated species of Fagopyrum. The DNA content of diploid Fagopyrum species varied from l.08 pg in F. lineare to 3.83 pg in F. urophyllum, with the values overlapping almost across the full range of the genus. Wild relatives of buckwheat could be a source of important characters, which could be introgressed into cultivated species by interspecific hybridization. The difference in genome sizes between the parent species determines the success of interspecific hybridization programs.

Present scenario of buckwheat gene pool reveals that there is a need to broaden its germplasm base, which would be helpful in breeding superior varieties. This calls for the determination of genetic divergence and distance in the available buckwheat germplasm before the parents are selected for use in breeding programs.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany, North Eastern Hill University, Shillong, 793022, India

    Nikhil K. Chrungoo

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  1. Nikhil K. Chrungoo
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  2. Shiny Ch. Sangma
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  3. Vishnu Bhatt
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  4. S. N. Raina
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Correspondence to Nikhil K. Chrungoo .

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  1. Institute of Nutraceutical Research, Clemson University, Jordan Hall 109, Clemson, 29634, South Carolina, USA

    Chittaranjan Kole

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Chrungoo, N.K., Sangma, S.C., Bhatt, V., Raina, S.N. (2011). Fagopyrum. In: Kole, C. (eds) Wild Crop Relatives: Genomic and Breeding Resources. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14228-4_5

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