Skip to main content

Clinical Presentation

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Book cover Syringomyelia
  • 1590 Accesses

Abstract

Syringomyelia and its underlying pathology combine to produce a variety of neurological symptoms. This chapter reviews the clinical features of Chiari malformations and those caused by the syrinx itself. Non-specific symptoms are also considered. The differential diagnosis of both Chiari headaches and syringomyelia myelopathy is discussed. Finally, the natural history and progression of syringomyelia is briefly reviewed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 89.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Barnett HJM (1973) Syringomyelia consequent on minor to moderate trauma, chapter 13. In: Barnett HJM, Foster JB, Hudgson P (eds) Syringomyelia. WB Saunders, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Barnett HJM, Jousse AT (1973) Syringomyelia as a late sequel to traumatic paraplegia and quadriplegia – clinical features, chapter 10. In: Barnett HJM, Foster JB, Hudgson P (eds) Syringomyelia. WB Saunders, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Batzdorf U, Khoo LT, McArthur DL (2007) Observations on spine deformity and syringomyelia. Neurosurgery 61:370–378

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Caldemeyer KS, Boaz JC, Wappner RS et al (1995) Chiari I malformation: association with hypophosphatemic rickets and MR imaging appearance. Radiology 195:733–738

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Elisevich K, Fontaine S, Bertrand G (1987) Syringomyelia as a complication of Paget’s disease. J Neurosurg 66:611–613

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Foster JB (1991) Neurology of syringomyelia, chapter 5. In: Batzdorf U (ed) Syringomyelia, current concepts in diagnosis and treatment. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore

    Google Scholar 

  • Friede RL, Roessmann U (1976) Chronic tonsillar herniation. Acta Neuropathol 34:219–235

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gowers WR (1886) A manual of diseases of the nervous system, vol 1. Churchill, London, pp 433–443

    Google Scholar 

  • Heiss JD, Snyder K, Peterson MM et al (2012) Pathophysiology of primary spinal syringomyelia. J Neurosurg Spine 17:367–380

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hoffman HJ, Tucker WS (1976) Cephalocranial disproportion. A complication of the treatment of hydrocephalus in children. Childs Brain 2:167–176

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Holly LT, Batzdorf U (2002) Slitlike syrinx cavities: a persistent central canal. J Neurosurg (Spine 1) 97:161–165

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Holly LT, Batzdorf U (2006) Syringomyelia associated with intradural arachnoid cysts. J Neurosurg Spine 5:111–116

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Holly LT, Johnson JP, Masciopinto JE et al (2000) Treatment of posttraumatic syringomyelia with extradural decompressive surgery. Neurosurg Focus 8(3):1–6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Honan WP, Williams B (1993) Sensory loss in syringomyelia: not necessarily dissociated. J R Soc Med 86:519–520

    CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jonesco-Sisesti N (1986) Syringobulbia. In: Ross RT (ed) A contribution to the pathophysiology of the brainstem. Praeger Publishers, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Kerr FWL (1961) A mechanism to account for frontal headache in cases of posterior-fossa tumours. J Neurosurg 18:605–609

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kumar A, Patni AH, Charbel F (2002) The Chiari malformation and the neurotologist. Otol Neurotol 23:727–735

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • LaHaye PA, Batzdorf U (1988) Posttraumatic syringomyelia. West J Med 148:657–663

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Milhorat TH, Mu HTM, LaMotte CC et al (1996) Distribution of substance P in the spinal cord of patients with syringomyelia. J Neurosurg 84:992–998

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Milhorat TH, Chou MW, Trinidad EM et al (1999) Chiari I malformation redefined: clinical and radiographic findings for 364 symptomatic patients. Neurosurgery 44:1005–1017

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mueller DM, Oró JJ (2004) Prospective analysis of presenting symptoms among 265 patients with radiographic evidence of Chiari malformation type I with or without syringomyelia. J Am Acad Nurse Pract 16:134–138

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Muhonen MG, Menezes AH, Sawin PD et al (1992) Scoliosis in pediatric Chiari malformations without myelodysplasia. J Neurosurg 77:69–77

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rekate HL (2010) Box: Pseudotumor and obesity, in Hayhurst C, Rowlands A, Rowe F. Idiopathic intracranial hypertension, chapter 19. In: Mallucci C, Sgouros S (eds) Cerebrospinal fluid disorders. Informa Healthcare, New York, pp 360–367

    Google Scholar 

  • Ryken TC, Menezes AH (1994) Cervicomedullary compression in achondroplasia. J Neurosurg 81:43–48

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schmidek HH (1977) Neurological and neurosurgical sequelae of Paget’s disease of bone. Clin Orthop 127:70–77

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sperling NM, Franco RA, Milhorat TH (2001) Otologic manifestations of Chiari I malformation. Otol Neurotol 22(5):678–681

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tabor EN, Batzdorf U (1996) Thoracic spinal pantopaque cyst and associated syrinx resulting in progressive spastic paraparesis: case report. Neurosurgery 39:1040–1042

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Watson NF, Buchwald D, Goldberg J et al (2011) Is Chiari I malformation associated with fibromyalgia? Neurosurgery 68:443–449

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Weig SG, Buckthal PE, Choi SK et al (1991) Recurrent syncope as the presenting symptom of Arnold-Chiari malformation. Neurology 41:1673–1674

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Welch K, Shillito J, Strand R et al (1981) Chiari I “malformation” – an acquired disorder? J Neurosurg 55:604–609

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Williams B (1981) Chronic herniation of the hindbrain. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 63(1):9–17

    CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Williams B (1991) Pathogenesis of syringomyelia, chapter 4. In: Batzdorf U (ed) Syringomyelia: current concepts in diagnosis and treatment. Wiliams & Wilkins, Baltimore, pp 59–90

    Google Scholar 

  • Yasui K, Hashizume Y, Yoshida M et al (1999) Age-related morphologic changes in the central canal of the human spinal cord. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 97:253–259

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ulrich Batzdorf .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Batzdorf, U. (2014). Clinical Presentation. In: Flint, G., Rusbridge, C. (eds) Syringomyelia. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-13706-8_8

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-13706-8_8

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-72484-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-13706-8

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics