Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Was erklärbar ist: Ätiologie und Entwicklungspsychopathologie

  • Chapter
Frühkindlicher Autismus

Part of the book series: Manuale psychischer Störungen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen ((MANUALEPSYCH))

  • 9650 Accesses

Zusammenfassung

Während psychoanalytische Theorien den Eltern eine Mitschuld an der Entstehung des Autismus zuschrieben, weisen zahlreiche wissenschaftliche Befunde darauf hin, dass die Ätiologie des frühkindlichen Autismus mehrdimensional verstanden werden muss und dieser überwiegend neurobiologische Ursachen hat. Folgende Aspekte müssen berücksichtigt werden:

  • genetische Faktoren,

  • beteiligte Neurotransmittersysteme,

  • Befunde aus der Bildgebung,

  • neurophysiologische Befunde,

  • neuropsychologische Befunde,

  • Befunde zu prä- und perinatalen Risikofaktoren,

  • sonstige weitere Befunde.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 59.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 74.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Literatur

  • Amiet C, Gourfinkel-An I, Bouzamondo A et al. (2008) Epilepsy in autism is associated with intellectual disability and gender: evidence from a meta-analysis. Biol Psychiatry 64(7): 577–582

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson GM (2002) Genetics of childhood disorders: XLV. Autism, part 4: serotonin in autism. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 41(12): 1513–1516

    Google Scholar 

  • Bailey A, Le Couteur A, Gottesman I, Bolton P, Simonoff E, Yuzda E, Rutter M (1995) Autism as a strongly genetic disorder: evidence from a British twin study. Psychol Med 25(1): 63–77

    Google Scholar 

  • Baird G, Simonoff E, Pickles A et al. (2006) Prevalence of disorders of the autism spectrum in a population cohort of children in South Thames: the Special Needs and Autism Project (SNAP). Lancet 368 :210–215

    Google Scholar 

  • Bauman ML, Kemper TL (1994) Neuroanatomic observations of the brain in autism. In: Bauman ML, Kemper TL (eds) The neurobiology of autism. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, pp 119–145

    Google Scholar 

  • Bolton PF, Park RJ, Higgins JN, Griffiths PD, Pickles A (2002) Neuro-epileptic determinants of autism spectrum disorders in tuberous sclerosis complex. Brain 125 (Pt 6): 1247–1255

    Google Scholar 

  • Brambilla P, Hardan A, Di Nemi SU et al. (2003) Brain anatomy and development in autism: review of structural MRI studies. Brain Res Bull 61(6): 557–569

    Google Scholar 

  • Buxbaum JD, Cai G, Chaste P et al. (2007) Mutation screening of the PTEN gene in patients with autism spectrum disorders and macrocephaly. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 144B(4): 484–491

    Google Scholar 

  • Casanova MF, Kooten IA van, Switala AE et al. (2006) Minicolumnar abnormalities in autism. Acta Neuropathology 112(3): 287 Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatry Genet 303

    Google Scholar 

  • Castelli F, Frith C, Happé F, Frith U (2002) Autism, Asperger syndrome and brain mechanisms for the attribution of mental states to animated shapes. Brain 125: 1839–1849

    Google Scholar 

  • Charman T, Swettenham J, Baron-Cohen S et al. (1997) Infants with autism: an investigation of empathy, pretend play, joint attention, and imitation. Dev Psychol 33(5): 781–789

    Google Scholar 

  • Chess S, Fernandez P, Korn S (1978) Behavioral consequences of congenital rubella. J Pediatr 93(4): 699–703

    Google Scholar 

  • Courchesne C, Yeung-Courchesne R, Press GA, Hesselink JR, Jernigan TL (1988) Hypoplasia of cerebellar vermal lobules VI and VII in autism. New Engl J Med 318: 1349–1354

    Google Scholar 

  • Courchesne E, Karns CM, Davis HR et al. (2001) Unusual brain growth patterns in early life in patients with autistic disorder: an MRI study. Neurology 57: 245–254

    Google Scholar 

  • Courchesne E, Carper R, Akshoomoff N (2003) Evidence of brain overgrowth in the first year of life in autism. JAMA 290(3): 337–344

    Google Scholar 

  • Critchley HD, Daly EM, Bullmore ET et al. (2000) The functional neuroanatomy of social behaviour: changes in cerebral blood flow when people with autistic disorder process facial expressions. Brain 123(11): 2203–2212

    Google Scholar 

  • Dapretto M, Davies MS, Pfeifer JH et al. (2006) Understanding emotions in others: mirror neuron dysfunction in children with autism spectrum disorders. Nat Neurosci 9(1): 2–30

    Google Scholar 

  • Davies S, Bishop D, Manstead A, Tantam D (1994) Face perception in children with autism and Asperger syndrome. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 35: 1033–1057

    Google Scholar 

  • Dawson G, Carver L, Meltzoff AN et al. (2002) Neural correlates of face and object recognition in young children with autism spectrum disorder, developmental delay, and typical development. Child Dev 73(3): 700–717

    Google Scholar 

  • Dawson G, Munson J, Webb SJ et al (2007) Rate of head growth decelerates and symptoms worsen in the second year of life in autism. Biol Psychiatr 61(4): 458–464

    Google Scholar 

  • DeVito TJ, Drost DJ, Neufeld RW et al. (2007) Evidence for cortical dysfunction in autism: a proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging study. Biol Psychiatry 61(4): 465–473

    Google Scholar 

  • Di Martino A, Castellanos FX (2003) Functional neuroimaging of social cognition in pervasive developmental disorders: a brief review. Ann NY Acad Sci 1008: 256–260

    Google Scholar 

  • Ernst M, Zametkin AJ, Matochik JA, Pascualvaca D, Cohen RM (1997) Low medial prefrontal dopaminergic activity in autistic children. Lancet 350(9078): 638

    Google Scholar 

  • Fatemi SH (2005) Reeling glycoprotein in autism and schizophrenia. Int Rev Neurobiol 71: 179–187

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferri R, Elia M, Agarwal N et al. (2003) The mismatch negativity and the P3a components of the auditory event-related potentials in autistic low-functioning subjects. Clin Neurophysiol 114(9): 1671–1680

    Google Scholar 

  • Folstein S, Rutter M (1977) Infantile autism: a genetic study of 21 twin pairs. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 18: 297–321

    Google Scholar 

  • Freitag CM (2007) The genetics of autistic disorders and its clinical relevance: a review of the literature. Mol Psychiatry 12(1): 2–22

    Google Scholar 

  • Freitag CM, Luders E, Hulst HE et al. (2009) Total brain volume and corpus callosum size in medication-naïve adolescents and young adults with autism spectrum disorder. Biol Psychiatry 66(4): 316–319

    Google Scholar 

  • Friedman SD, Shaw DW, Artru AA et al. (2006) Gray and white matter brain chemistry in young children with autism. Arch Gen Psychiatry 63(7): 786–794

    Google Scholar 

  • Frith C (2003) What do imaging studies tell us about the neural basis of autism? Novartis Found Symp 251: 149–166; discussion 166–76, 281–297

    Google Scholar 

  • Frith U, Happé F (1994) Autism: Beyond “theory of mind”. Cognition 50: 115–132

    Google Scholar 

  • Gardener H, Spiegelman D, Buka SL (2009) Prenatal risk factors for autism: comprehensive meta-analysis. Br J Psychiatry 195(1): 7–14

    Google Scholar 

  • Gervais H, Belin P, Boddaert N et al. (2004) Abnormal cortical voice processing in autism. Nat Neurosci 7(8): 801–802

    Google Scholar 

  • Gilchrist A, Green J, Cox A et al. (2001) Development and current functioning in adolescents with Asperger syndrome: a comparative study. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 42(2): 227–240

    Google Scholar 

  • Grafodatskaya D, Chung B, Szatmari P, Weksberg R (2010) Autism spectrum disorders and epigenetics. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 49(8): 794–809

    Google Scholar 

  • Hadjikhani N, Joseph RM, Snyder J et al. (2004) Activation of the fusiform gyrus when individuals with autism spectrum disorder view faces. Neuroimage 22(3): 1141–1150

    Google Scholar 

  • Hazlett HC, Poe M, Gerig G et al. (2005) Magnetic resonance imaging and head circumference study of brain size in autism: birth through age 2 years. Arch Gen Psychiatry 62: 1366–1376

    Google Scholar 

  • Hettinger JA, Liu X, Schwartz CE, Michaelis RC, Holden JJ (2008) A DRD1 haplotype is associated with risk for autism spectrum disorders in male-only affected sib-pair families. AmJ Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 147B(5): 628–636

    Google Scholar 

  • Hill EL (2004) Executive dysfunction in autism. Trends Cogn Sci 8(1): 26–32

    Google Scholar 

  • Hollander E, Novotny S, Hanratty M et al. (2003) Oxytocin infusion reduces repetitive behaviors in adults with autistic and Asperger’s disorders. Neuropsychopharmacology 28(1): 193–198

    Google Scholar 

  • Honda H, Shimizu Y, Rutter M (2005) No effect of MMR withdrawal on the incidence of autism: a total population study. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 46(6): 572–579

    Google Scholar 

  • Iacoboni M, Molnar-Szakacs I, Gallese V et al. (2005) Grasping the intentions of others with one’s own mirror neuron system. PLoS Biol 3(3): e79

    Google Scholar 

  • Jyonouchi H. (2009) Food allergy and autism spectrum disorders: is there a link? Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 9(3): 194–201

    Google Scholar 

  • Kelley E, Paul JJ, Fein D, Naigles LR (2006) Residual language deficits in optimal outcome children with a history of autism. J Autism Dev Disorders 36(6): 807–828

    Google Scholar 

  • Kolevzon A, Gross R, Reichenberg A (2007) Prenatal and perinatal risk factors for autism: a review and integration of findings. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 161(4): 326–333

    Google Scholar 

  • Lainhart JE (2006) Advances in autism neuroimaging research for the clinician and geneticist. Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet 142C(1): 33–39

    Google Scholar 

  • Lepistö T, Kujala T, Vanhala R et al. (2005) The discrimination of and orienting to speech and non-speech sounds in children with autism. Brain Res 1066(1–2): 147–157

    Google Scholar 

  • McAlonan GM, Daly E, Kumari V, Critchley HD et al. (2002) Brain anatomy and sensorimotor gating in Asperger’s syndrome. Brain 125(Pt 7): 1594–1606

    Google Scholar 

  • McNamara IM, Borella AW, Bialowas LA, Whitaker-Azmitia PM (2008) Further studies in the developmental hyperserotonemia model (DHS) of autism: social, behavioral and peptide changes. Brain Res 1189: 203–214

    Google Scholar 

  • McPartland J, Dawson G, Webb SJ, Panagiotides H, Carver LJ (2004) Event-related brain potentials reveal anomalies in temporal processing of faces in autism spectrum disorder. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 45(7): 1235–1245

    Google Scholar 

  • Melchers P, Preuß U (2001) Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children (Deutsche Version). PITS, Leiden

    Google Scholar 

  • Minshew NJ, Williams DL (2007) The new neurobiology of autism: cortex, connectivity, and neuronal organization. Arch Neurol 64(7): 945–50. Erratum in: Arch Neurol 64(10): 1464

    Google Scholar 

  • Murphy DG, Critchley HD, Schmitz N et al. (2002) Asperger syndrome: a proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study of brain. Arch Gen Psychiatry 59(10): 885–891

    Google Scholar 

  • Narayan M, Srinath S, Anderson GM, Meundi DB (1993) Cerebrospinal fluid levels of homovanillic acid and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in autism. Biol Psychiatry 33(8–9): 630–635

    Google Scholar 

  • Narayanan V (2003) Tuberous sclerosis complex: genetics to pathogenesis. Pediatr Neurol 29: 404–9

    Google Scholar 

  • Nishitani N, Avikainen S, Hari R (2004) Abnormal imitation-related cortical activation sequences in Asperger’s syndrome. Ann Neurol 55(4): 558–562

    Google Scholar 

  • Obermann LM, Hubbard EM, McCleery JP et al. (2005) EEG evidence for mirror neuron dysfunction in autism spectrum disorders. Brain Res Cogn Brain Res 24(2): 190–198

    Google Scholar 

  • Palmen SJ, Engeland H van, Hof PR, Schmitz C (2004) Neuropathological findings in autism. Brain 127(Pt 12): 2572–2583

    Google Scholar 

  • Pennington BF, Ozonoff S (1996) Executive functions and developmental psychopathology. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 37: 51–87

    Google Scholar 

  • Perry EK, Lee ML, Martin-Ruiz CM et al. (2001) Cholinergic activity in autism: abnormalities in the cerebral cortex and basal forebrain. Am J Psychiatry 158(7): 1058–1066

    Google Scholar 

  • Petermann F, Petermann U (2007) HAWIK-IV. Hamburg-Wechsler-Intelligenztest für Kinder-IV. Hogrefe, Göttingen

    Google Scholar 

  • Pierce K, Haist F, Sedaghat F, Courchesne E (2004) The brain response to personally familiar faces in autism: findings of fusiform activity and beyond. Brain 127(Pt 12): 2703–2716

    Google Scholar 

  • Piven J, Berthier ML, Starkstein SE et al. (1990) Magnetic resonance imaging evidence for a defect of cerebral cortical development in autism. Am J Psychiatr 147(6): 734–739

    Google Scholar 

  • Redcay E, Courchesne E (2008) Deviant functional magnetic resonance imaging patterns of brain activity to speech in 2-3-year-old children with autism spectrum disorder. Biol Psychiatry 64(7): 589–598

    Google Scholar 

  • Ritvo ER, Spence MA, Freeman BJ et al. (1985) Evidence for autosomal recessive inheritance in 46 families with multiple incidences of autism. Am J Psychiatry 142: 187–192

    Google Scholar 

  • Rizzolatti G, Fadiga L, Gallese V, Fogassi L (1996) Premotor cortex and the recognition of motor actions. Brain Res Cogn Brain Res 3(2): 131–141

    Google Scholar 

  • Rossi PG, Posar A, Parmeggiani A (2000) Epilepsy in adolescents and young adults with autistic disorder. Brain Dev 22: 102–106

    Google Scholar 

  • Salgado-Pineda P, Delaveau P, Blin O, Nieoullon A (2005) Dopaminergic contribution to the regulation of emotional perception. Clin Neuropharmacol 28(5): 228–237

    Google Scholar 

  • Smalley SL, Asarnow RF, Spence MA (1988) Autism and genetics: a decade of research. J Autism Dev Disorders 26: 247–250

    Google Scholar 

  • Smeeth L, Cook C, Fombonne E et al. (2004) MMR vaccination and pervasive developmental disorders: a case-control study. Lancet 364(9438): 963–969

    Google Scholar 

  • Stanfield AC, McIntosh AM, Spencer MD et al. (2008) Towards a neuroanatomy of autism: a systematic review and meta-analysis of structural magnetic resonance imaging studies. Eur Psychiatry 23(4): 289–299

    Google Scholar 

  • Steffenburg S, Gillberg C, Hellgren L et al. (1989) A twin study of autism in Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 30: 405–416

    Google Scholar 

  • Talebizadeh Z, Lam DY, Theodoro MF et al. (2006) Novel splice isoforms for NLGN3 and NLGN4 with possible implications in autism. J Med Genet 43(5): e21

    Google Scholar 

  • Tuchman R, Jayakar P, Yaylali I, Villalobos R (1998) Seizures and EEG in children with autism spectrum disorder. CNS Spectrum 3: 61–70

    Google Scholar 

  • Viskochil D, Buchberg AM, Xu G et al. (1990) Deletions and a translocation interrupt a cloned gene at the neurofibromatosis type 1 locus. Cell 62(1): 187–192

    Google Scholar 

  • Wassink TH, Piven J, Patil SR (2001) Chromosomal abnormalities in a clinic sample of individuals with autistic disorder. Psychiatr Genet 11(2): 57–63

    Google Scholar 

  • Williams DL, Minshew NJ (2007) Understanding autism and related disorders: what has imaging taught us? Neuroimaging Clin N Am 17(4): 495–509

    Google Scholar 

  • Williams G, King J, Cunningham M et al. (2001a) Fetal valproate syndrome and autism: additional evidence of an association. Dev Med Child Neurol 43(3): 202–206

    Google Scholar 

  • Williams JH, Whiten A, Suddendorf T, Perrett DI (2001b) Imitation, mirror neurons and autism. Neurosci Biobeh Rev 25(4): 287–295

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Abteilung für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, LVR-Klinik Bonn, Kaiser-Karl-Ring 20, 53111, Bonn, Deutschland

    Priv.-Doz. Dr. med. Judith Sinzig

Authors
  1. Priv.-Doz. Dr. med. Judith Sinzig
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2011 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Sinzig, J. (2011). Was erklärbar ist: Ätiologie und Entwicklungspsychopathologie. In: Frühkindlicher Autismus. Manuale psychischer Störungen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-13071-7_3

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-13071-7_3

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-13070-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-13071-7

  • eBook Packages: Medicine (German Language)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation