Zusammenfassung
Beschreibungen von manisch-depressiven Störungen bzw. von heute international offiziell genannten »bipolaren Störungen « finden sich bereits seit der Antike. Im 2. Jahrhundert v. Chr. führte Aretaeus den Begriff der »Zyklothymie« ein, um den Zustand von Patienten zu beschreiben, deren Stimmung zwischen Manie und Depression wechselt. Die wissenschaftliche Erforschung der bipolaren Erkrankungen wurde durch die bahnbrechenden katamnestischen Arbeiten des deutschen Psychiaters Emil Kraepelin zu Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts stimuliert. Kraepelin benutzte den Terminus »manisch depressives Irresein« zur Kategorisierung aller affektiven Störungen. Die empirische Untermauerung der klinisch relevanten Differenzierung in unipolare Störungen einerseits – weitgehend synonym mit dem Begriff der »unipolaren Depression« – und bipolare Störungen andererseits erfolgte 1966 unabhängig voneinander in den Studien von Angst und Perris (vgl. Marneros & Angst 2000). Trotz immenser Bemühungen bestehen jedoch immer noch beträchtliche Wissensdefizite in der Diagnostik, Ätiologie und Behandlung dieser psychischen Störungen.
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Meyer, T., Bauer, M. (2011). Bipolare Störungen. In: Wittchen, HU., Hoyer, J. (eds) Klinische Psychologie & Psychotherapie. Springer-Lehrbuch. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-13018-2_39
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