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Dyke Swarms:Keys for Geodynamic Interpretation pp 283–299Cite as

Petrogenesis of Basaltic and Doleritic Dykes from Kawant, Chhotaudepur Province, Deccan Traps

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Abstract

Abstract Geochemistry of five basaltic and three doleritic dykes traversing through Deccan Traps in Kawant with similar trace element characteristics revealed a genetic relation among them. Various discrimination diagrams clearly indicate that all these basalts and dolerites are tholeiitic in nature. Of these, one picrite dyke (12–13 wt% MgO, 47–48 wt% SiO2 and 2.06–2.19 wt% total alkali) has high Mg# value (0.64–0.66), Ni (395–486 ppm), Cr (997–1155 ppm) and Ni/MgO (32–40) exhibiting a primitive magma signature. The mineral chemistry of this dyke reveals that Fo% of olivine varies from 79 to 85. The high CaO content than “mantle olivine” and slightly lower NiO content than “mantle peridotite” of the olivine grains in picrite indicate that they are not xenocrysts from mantle peridotite, but are crystallized from a relatively undifferentiated magma. Pyroxene grains in picrite are either diopside or augite and no major chemical variations are noticeable within these grains. Considerable variations are noticeable in the feldspar grains. Some grains represent alkali feldspars in the mesostasis, whereas the other phenocrystal grains are plagioclase with varying An contents (An 26–An 69). Higher HREE concentrations of picrite point to residual spinel in the source region. The major element modelling revealed that picrite has been derived by 8–13% partial melting of the mantle. Trace element ratios and OIB normalized spider diagram suggest that crustal contamination did not play any vital role in the evolution of these rocks. The results of mass balance calculations suggest a generalized differentiation scheme from picrite to the most evolved rock that involved removal of olivine, pyroxene and Fe-Ti oxides in the proportion 44:50:6 with ~ 64% of the magma remaining.

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Acknowledgements

We thank S. F. Sethna and Rajesh Srivastava for their constructive comments for the improvement of the manuscript. We are thankful to N. V. Chalapathi Rao, Banaras Hindu University, India for providing the electron microprobe analyses of minerals. The financial support from Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi in the form of research grant (ESS/16/295/2006) is acknowledged.

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  1. Government V.Y.T.P.G. Autonomous College, Durg, Chhattisgarh, 491001, India

    K.R. Hari & Vikas Swarnkar

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Hari, K., Swarnkar, V. (2011). Petrogenesis of Basaltic and Doleritic Dykes from Kawant, Chhotaudepur Province, Deccan Traps. In: Dyke Swarms:Keys for Geodynamic Interpretation. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12496-9_17

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