Abstract
Glomerular diseases are a common cause of chronic kidney and end-stage renal disease in the pediatric population. Many of these patients will need dialysis and kidney transplantation when they reach adolescence or adulthood. This chapter begins with a diagnostic approach to hematuria and proteinuria. Primary nephrotic syndrome is the most common glomerular disorder in children. Common aspects of nephrotic syndrome are described followed by minimal change disease, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and inherited forms of nephrotic syndrome. A nephritic syndrome is characterized by hematuria and proteinuria, edema, hypertension and diminished glomerular filtration rate with or without oliguria. Descriptions of acute postinfectious, immune complex glomerulonephritides, and rapidly progressive glomerulonephritides (GN) are followed by examples of chronic GN including membranoproliferative GN, IgA nephropathy, membranous and C1q nephropathy. Vasculitides affecting the kidney include Schönlein–Henoch nephritis, ANCA-associated vasculitis and lupus nephritis. The chapter concludes with thrombotic microangiopathies, emphasizing typical and atypical forms of hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) and inherited, structural disorders of the glomerular basement membrane, Alport syndrome and thin basement membrane nephropathy.
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Bitzan, M. (2014). Glomerular Diseases. In: Phadke, K., Goodyer, P., Bitzan, M. (eds) Manual of Pediatric Nephrology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12483-9_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12483-9_3
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