Abstract
As mentioned earlier (see Chap. 19), posterior ischemic optic neuropathy (PION) can be classified into three types: (1) arteritic PION due to giant cell arteritis, (2) non-arteritic PION due to causes other than giant cell arteritis, and (3) surgical PION attributable to a surgical procedure. Therefore, their clinical features may show differences.
For a complete bibliography and detailed review of previously published studies in the literature on the subject, please refer to bibliography in previous publications listed here.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Sadda SR, Nee M, Miller NR, Biousse V, Newman NJ, Kouzis A. Clinical spectrum of posterior ischemic optic neuropathy. Am J Ophthalmol. 2001;132(5):743–50.
Hayreh SS. Posterior ischaemic optic neuropathy: clinical features, pathogenesis, and management. Eye. 2004;18(11):1188–206.
Hayreh SS, Podhajsky PA, Zimmerman B. Occult giant cell arteritis: ocular manifestations. Am J Ophthalmol. 1998;125(4):521–6, 893.
Hayreh SS, Zimmerman B. Visual field abnormalities in nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy: their pattern and prevalence at initial examination. Arch Ophthalmol. 2005;123(11):1554–62.
Sonty S, Schwartz B. Development of cupping and pallor in posterior ischemic optic neuropathy. Int Ophthalmol. 1983;6(3):213–20.
Hayreh SS. Anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy: differentiation of arteritic from non-arteritic type and its management. Eye. 1990;4(1):25–41.
Hayreh SS, Zimmerman B. Management of giant cell arteritis: our 27-year clinical study: new light on old controversies. Ophthalmologica. 2003;217(4):239–59.
Hayreh SS. Anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy. II: fundus on ophthalmoscopy and fluorescein angiography. Br J Ophthalmol. 1974;58(12):964–80.
Hayreh SS. Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. New York: Springer; 1975.
Hayreh SS. Ischemic optic neuropathy. Int Ophthalmol. 1978;1:9–18.
Hayreh SS. Ischemic optic neuropathy. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2009;28(1):34–62.
Hayreh SS, Podhajsky PA, Zimmerman B. Ocular manifestations of giant cell arteritis. Am J Ophthalmol. 1998;125(4):509–20.
Hayreh SS. Pathogenesis of cupping of the optic disc. Br J Ophthalmol. 1974;58(10):863–76.
Danesh-Meyer HV, Savino PJ, Sergott RC. The prevalence of cupping in end-stage arteritic and nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. Ophthalmology. 2001;108(3):593–8.
Danesh-Meyer H, Savino PJ, Spaeth GL, Gamble GD. Comparison of arteritis and nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathies with the Heidelberg Retina Tomograph. Ophthalmology. 2005;112(6):1104–12.
Hayreh SS. Posterior ischemic optic neuropathy. Ophthalmologica. 1981;182(1):29–41.
Isayama Y, Takahashi T, Inoue M, Jimura T. Posterior ischemic optic neuropathy. III: clinical diagnosis. Ophthalmologica. 1983;187(3):141–7.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2011 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Hayreh, S.S. (2011). Clinical Features of Posterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy. In: Ischemic Optic Neuropathies. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11852-4_21
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11852-4_21
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-11849-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-11852-4
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)