Abstract
Quantum phase transitions (QPT) have recently become a widespread topic in the realm of modern condensed matter physics. QPT are phase transformations that occur at the absolute zero of temperature and are triggered by varying a temperature-independent control parameter like pressure, doping concentration, or magnetic field. There are various examples of systems showing quantum critical behavior, which include the antiferromagnetic transition in heavy fermion material like \({\textrm CeCu}_{6-x}{\textrm Au}_{x}\), that is brought about by changing the \({\textrm Au}\) doping [10]. Another prototypical example of a system exhibiting quantum critical behavior is the quantum Hall effect, wherein a two-dimensional electron gas is tuned, via an externally applied magnetic field, through a quantum critical point (QCP) that intervenes between two quantized Hall plateaux. Other examples of QPT include the ferromagnetic transition in metallic magnets as a function of applied pressure and the superconducting transition in thin films.
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Acknowledgement
RN thanks Priyanka Mohan for generating some of the figures in this chapter. He also thanks her for discussions and valuable comments.
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Florens, S., Venturelli, D., Narayanan, R. (2010). Quantum Phase Transition in the Spin Boson Model. In: Chandra, A., Das, A., Chakrabarti, B. (eds) Quantum Quenching, Annealing and Computation. Lecture Notes in Physics, vol 802. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11470-0_6
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