Zusammenfassung
In der konventionellen Bildgebung kann die weibliche wie männliche Urethra mittels Kontrastmittelinjektion sowohl von antegrad als auch von retrograd dargestellt werden. Das am häufigsten angewandte antegrade Darstellungsverfahren ist die Miktionszysturethrografie. Dabei wird über einen transurethralen oder suprapubischen Katheter oder eine suprapubische Kanüle Kontrastmittel in die Harnblase injiziert und der Patient im Anschluss gebeten zu miktionieren. Neben einer initialen Beckenübersichtsaufnahme ohne Kontrastmittel erfolgen bei der im Sitzen oder Stehen durchgeführten Untersuchung sodann Aufnahmen der gefüllten Harnblase und der Miktionsphase.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Literatur
Agrawalla S, Pearce R, Goodman TF. How to perform the perfect voiding cystourethrogram. Pediatric Radiology 2004;34(2):114-119
Ali M, Safriel Y, Sclafani SJ, Schulze R. CT signs of urethral injury. Radiographics 2003;23(4):951-63; discussion 63-66
Beluffi G, Fiori P, Pietrobono L, Romano P. Cowper’s glands and ducts: radiological findings in children. La Radiologia medica 2006;111(6):855-862
Berna JD, Berna JD, Jr., Aparicio Meson M. Urethrography in the male: the clamp method. Acta Radiol 2009;50(2):233-237
Blander DS, Rovner ES, Schnall MD, et al. Endoluminal magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of urethral diverticula in women. Urology 2001;57(4):660-665
Bosio M, Manzoni GA. Detection of posterior urethral valves with voiding cystourethrosonography with echo contrast. The Journal of urology 2002;168(4 Pt 2):1711-1715; discussion 5
Breyer BN, Cooperberg MR, McAninch JW, Master VA. Improper retrograde urethrogram technique leads to incorrect diagnosis. The Journal of urology 2009;182(2):716-717
Chou CP, Huang JS, Wu MT, et al. CT voiding urethrography and virtual urethroscopy: preliminary study with 16-MDCT. Ajr 2005;184(6):1882-1888
Chou CP, Levenson RB, Elsayes KM, et al. Imaging of female urethral diverticulum: an update. Radiographics 2008;28(7):1917-1930
Choudhary S, Singh P, Sundar E, Kumar S, Sahai A. A comparison of sonourethrography and retrograde urethrography in evaluation of anterior urethral strictures. Clinical radiology 2004;59(8):736-742
Duran C, Valera A, Alguersuari A, et al. Voiding urosonography: the study of the urethra is no longer a limitation of the technique. Pediatric radiology 2009;39(2):124-131
Eggert T, Palisaar J, Metz P, Noldus J. Assessing the vesico-urethral anastomosis after radical retropubic prostatectomy: transrectal ultrasonography can replace cystography. BJU international 2007; 100(6): 1268-1271
El-Kassaby AW, Osman T, Abdel-Aal A, Sadek M, Nayef N. Dynamic three-dimensional spiral computed tomographic cysto-urethrography: a novel technique for evaluating post-traumatic posterior urethral defects. BJU international 2003;92(9):993-996
Elsayes KM, Mukundan G, Narra VR, Abou El Abbass HA, Prasad SR, Brown JJ. Endovaginal magnetic resonance imaging of the female urethra. Journal of computer assisted tomography 2006;30(1):1-6
Gallentine ML, Morey AF. Imaging of the male urethra for stricture disease. The Urologic clinics of North America 2002;29(2):361-372
Golomb J, Leibovitch I, Mor Y, Morag B, Ramon J. Comparison of voiding cystourethrography and doubleballoon urethrography in the diagnosis of complex female urethral diverticula. European radiology 2003;13(3):536-542
Gupta N, Dubey D, Mandhani A, Srivastava A, Kapoor R, Kumar A. Urethral stricture assessment: a prospective study evaluating urethral ultrasonography and conventional radiological studies. BJU international 2006;98(1):149-153
Ingram MD, Watson SG, Skippage PL, Patel U. Urethral injuries after pelvic trauma: evaluation with urethrography. Radiographics 2008;28(6):1631-1643
Kamat N. Dynamic three-dimensional spiral computed tomographic cysto-urethrography: a novel technique for evaluating post-traumatic posterior urethral defects. BJU international 2004;94(1):191
Kamat NN. Urethral stricture assessment: a prospective study evaluating urethral ultrasonography and conventional radiological studies. BJU international 2007;99(3):699-700
Kawashima A, Sandler CM, Wasserman NF, LeRoy AJ, King BF, Jr., Goldman SM. Imaging of urethral disease: a pictorial review. Radiographics 2004;24 Suppl 1:S195-216
Kim B, Kawashima A, LeRoy AJ. Imaging of the male urethra. Seminars in ultrasound, CT, and MR 2007;28(4):258-273
Lo WC, Wang CR, Lim KE. Diagnosis of the congenital urethral anomalies of male child by voiding cystourethrography. Acta paediatrica Taiwanica = Taiwan er ke yi xue hui za zhi 1999;40(3):152-156
Macura KJ, Genadry RR, Bluemke DA. MR imaging of the female urethra and supporting ligaments in assessment of urinary incontinence: spectrum of abnormalities. Radiographics 2006;26(4):1135-1149
Mitterberger M, Christian G, Pinggera GM, et al. Gray scale and color Doppler sonography with extended field of view technique for the diagnostic evaluation of anterior urethral strictures. The Journal of urology 2007;177(3):992-996; discussion 7
Myers RP, Cahill DR, Kay PA, et al. Puboperineales: muscular boundaries of the male urogenital hiatus in 3D from magnetic resonance imaging. The Journal of urology 2000;164(4):1412-1419
Neitlich JD, Foster HE, Jr., Glickman MG, Smith RC. Detection of urethral diverticula in women: comparison of a high resolution fast spin echo technique with double balloon urethrography. The Journal of urology 1998;159(2):408-410
Nolte-Ernsting C, Glowinski A, Schaeffter T, Adam G, Gunther RW. Gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance fluoroscopy used as micturating cystourethrography: experiences in adult male patients. Investigative radiology 2003;38(10):617-624
Noorani S, Rao AR, Callaghan PS. Urethral metastasis: an uncommon presentation of a colonic adenocarcinoma. International urology and nephrology 2007;39(3):837-839
Ockrim JL, Allen DJ, Shah PJ, Greenwell TJ. A tertiary experience of urethral diverticulectomy: diagnosis, imaging and surgical outcomes. BJU international 2009;103(11):1550-1554
Osman Y, El-Ghar MA, Mansour O, Refaie H, El-Diasty T. Magnetic resonance urethrography in comparison to retrograde urethrography in diagnosis of male urethral strictures: is it clinically relevant? European urology 2006;50(3):587-93; discussion 94
Pavlica P, Barozzi L, Menchi I. Imaging of male urethra. European radiology 2003;13(7):1583-1596
Pavlica P, Menchi I, Barozzi L. New imaging of the anterior male urethra. Abdominal imaging 2003;28(2):180-186
Prasad SR, Menias CO, Narra VR, et al. Cross-sectional imaging of the female urethra: technique and results. Radiographics 2005;25(3):749-761
Ramchandani P, Buckler PM. Imaging of genitourinary trauma. Ajr 2009;192(6):1514-1523
Sala Barange X, Schorlemmer WC, Alvarez Vijande R, Carretero Gonzalez P. Barcelona retrograde urethrography: a new device and technique. The Journal of urology 1999;161(6):18631864
Spencer Netto FA, Hamilton P, Kodama R, et al. Retrograde urethrocystography impairs computed tomography diagnosis of pelvic arterial hemorrhage in the presence of a lower urologic tract injury. Journal of the American College of Surgeons 2008;206(2):322-327
Sung DJ, Kim YH, Cho SB, et al. Obliterative urethral stricture: MR urethrography versus conventional retrograde urethrography with voiding cystourethrography. Radiology 2006;240(3):842-848
Takeuchi M, Matsuzaki K, Nishitani H. Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the female urethra: magnetic resonance imaging. Journal of computer assisted tomography 2009;33(1):142-144
Warren J, Pike JG, Leonard MP. Posterior urethral valves in Eastern Ontario - a 30 year perspective. The Canadian journal of urology 2004;11(2):2210-2215
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2011 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Haferkamp, A. (2011). Urethra. In: Hallscheidt, P., Haferkamp, A. (eds) Urogenitale Bildgebung. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-10526-5_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-10526-5_4
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-10525-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-10526-5
eBook Packages: Medicine (German Language)