Introduction

Abstract

The differentiation of nontumorous ovarian cystic disease from an ovarian tumor (especially a malignant tumor) is important for managing patients with cystic ovarian mass, because most ovarian diseases are benign and the majority is a functional ovarian cyst. The most common ovarian cyst that comprises a nontumorous ovarian cystic lesion is a functional cyst. Nontumorous ovarian cystic lesions are usually incidental findings, but they sometimes cause symptoms such as mass effect, hemorrhage, or rupture. In addition, many nontumorous ovarian cysts raise the suspicion of malignancy. Transabdominal and transvaginal ultrasound are important not only in the detection but also in the diagnosis of ovarian cystic disease. Computed tomography and MRI are the dominant imaging modalities for the differentiation of nontumorous ovarian cystic disease from ovarian tumors. Although imaging modality is important for correct diagnosis, considering the clinical history is also important for a correct diagnosis.