Abstract
N-Heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have developed into an important class of ligands in transition metal coordination chemistry. They have been employed successfully as spectator ligands in various catalytically active metal complexes and as organocatalysts. In this chapter we present some important synthetic methods for the preparation of various NHCs and their metal complexes.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Hahn FE, Jahnke MC (2008) Angew Chem Int Ed 47:3122
Bourissou D, Guerret O, Gabbaï FP, Bertrand G (2000) Chem Rev 100:39
Wanzlick H-W, Schikora E (1960) Angew Chem 72:494
Wanzlick H-W, Kleiner H-J (1961) Angew Chem 73:493
Wanzlick H-W, Schönherr H-J (1968) Angew Chem Int Ed 7:141
Öfele K (1968) J Organomet Chem 12:P42
Lappert MF (2005) J Organomet Chem 690:5467
Arduengo AJ III, Harlow RL, Kline M (1991) J Am Chem Soc 113:361
Herrmann WA (2002) Angew Chem Int Ed 41:1291
Lee M-T, Hu C-H (2004) Organometallics 23:976
Hu X, Castro-Rodriguez I, Olsen K, Meyer K (2004) Organometallics 23:755
Cavallo L, Correa A, Costabile C, Jacobsen H (2005) J Organomet Chem 690:5407
Tonner R, Heydenrych G, Frenking G (2007) Chem Asian J 2:1555
Chianese AR, Li X, Janzen MC, Faller JW, Crabtree RH (2003) Organometallics 22:1663
Kelly RA III, Clavier H, Guidice S, Scott NM, Stevens ED, Bordner J, Samardjiev I, Hoff CD, Cavallo L, Nolan SP (2008) Organometallics 27:202
Dorta R, Stevens ED, Scott NM, Costabile C, Cavallo L, Hoff CD, Nolan SP (2005) J Am Chem Soc 127:2485
Lavallo V, Canac Y, Donnadieu B, Schoeller WW, Bertrand G (2006) Science 312:722
Holschumacher D, Hrib CG, Jones PG, Tamm M (2007) Chem Commun 3661
Despagnet-Ayoub E, Grubbs RH (2004) J Am Chem Soc 126:10198
Alder RW, Blake ME, Bortolotti C, Bufali S, Butts CP, Linehan E, Oliva JM, Orpen AG, Quayle MJ (1999) Chem Commun 241
Bazinet P, Ong T-G, O´Brien JS, Lavoie N, Bell E, Yap GPA, Korobkov I, Richeson DS (2007) Organometallics 26:2885
Jazzar R, Liang H, Donnadieu B, Bertrand G (2006) J Organomet Chem 691:3201
Scarborough CC, Grady MJW, Guzei IA, Gandhi BA, Bunel EE, Stahl SS (2005) Angew Chem Int Ed 44:5269
Iglesias M, Beetstra DJ, Knight JC, Ooi L-L, Stasch A, Coles S, Male L, Hursthouse MB, Cavell KJ, Dervisi A, Fallis IA (2008) Organometallics 27:3279
Herrmann WA, Gooßen LJ, Spiegler M (1997) J Organomet Chem 547:357
Böhm VPW, Weskamp T, Gstöttmayr CWK, Herrmann WA (2000) Angew Chem Int Ed 39:1602
Gridnev AA, Mihaltseva IM (1994) Synth Commun 24:1547
Altenhoff G, Goddard R, Lehmann CW, Glorius F (2003) Angew Chem Int Ed 42:3690
Fürstner A, Alcarazo M, César V, Lehmann CW (2006) Chem Commun 2176
Bon RS, de Kanter FJJ, Lutz M, Spek AL, Jahnke MC, Hahn FE, Groen MB, Orru RVA (2007) Organometallics 26:3639
Kuhn N, Kratz T (1993) Synthesis 561
Hahn FE, Wittenbecher L, Boese R, Bläser D (1999) Chem Eur J 5:1931
Denk MK, Gupta S, Brownie J, Tajammul S, Lough AJ (2001) Chem Eur J 7:4477
Hahn FE, Paas M, Le Van D, Lügger T (2003) Angew Chem Int Ed 42:5243
Hahn FE, Paas M, Le Van D, Fröhlich R (2005) Chem Eur J 11:5080
Enders D, Breuer K, Raabe G, Runsink J, Teles JH, Melder J-P, Ebel K, Brode S (1995) Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 34:1021
Arduengo AJ III, Goerlich JR, Marshall WJ (1997) Liebigs Ann Recueil 365
Lavallo V, Canac Y, Präsang C, Donnadieu B, Bertrand G (2005) Angew Chem Int Ed 44:5705
Lavallo V, Canac Y, DeHope A, Donnadieu B, Bertrand G (2005) Angew Chem Int Ed 44:7236
Martin D, Baceiredo A, Gornitzka H, Schoeller WW, Bertrand G (2005) Angew Chem Int Ed 44:1700
Herrmann WA, Elison M, Fischer J, Köcher C, Artus GRJ (1996) Chem Eur J 2:772
Denk MK, Hatano K, Ma M (1999) Tetrahedron Lett 40:2057
Denk MK, Thadani A, Hatano K, Lough AJ (1997) Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 36:2607
Scholl M, Ding S, Lee CW, Grubbs RH (1999) Org Lett 1:953
Blum AP, Ritter T, Grubbs RH (2007) Organometallics 26:2122
Nyce GW, Csihony S, Waymouth RW, Hedrick JL (2004) Chem Eur J 10:4073
Korotkikh NI, Raenko GF, Pekhtereva TM, Shvaika OP, Cowley AH, Jones JN (2006) Russ J Org Chem 42:1822
Gorodetsky B, Ramnial T, Branda NR, Clyburne JAC (2004) Chem Commun 1972
Arduengo AJ III, Davidson F, Dias HVR, Goerlich JR, Khasnis D, Marshall WJ, Prakasha TK (1997) J Am Chem Soc 119:12742
Taton TA, Chen P (1996) Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 35:1011
Alder RW, Blake ME, Chaker L, Harvey JN, Paolini F, Schütz J (2004) Angew Chem Int Ed 43:5896
Arduengo AJ III, Dias HVR, Dixon DA, Harlow RL, Klooster WT, Koetzle TF (1994) J Am Chem Soc 116:6812
Heinemann C, Müller T, Apeloig Y, Schwarz H (1996) J Am Chem Soc 118:2023
Boehme C, Frenking G (1996) J Am Chem Soc 118:2039
Arduengo AJ III, Goerlich JR, Marshall WJ (1995) J Am Chem Soc 117:11027
Hahn FE, Wittenbecher L, Le Van D, Fröhlich R (2000) Angew Chem Int Ed 39:541
Liu Y, Lindner PE, Lemal DM (1999) J Am Chem Soc 121:10626
Boydston AJ, Williams KA, Bielawski CW (2005) J Am Chem Soc 127:12496
Khramov DM, Boydston AJ, Bielawski CW (2006) Angew Chem Int Ed 45:6186
Boydston AJ, Bielawski CW (2006) Dalton Trans 4073
Weiss R, Reichel S (2000) Eur J Inorg Chem 1935
Nonnenmacher M, Kunz D, Romminger F, Oeser T (2005) J Organomet Chem 690:5647
Alcarazo M, Roseblade SJ, Cowley AR, Fernández R, Brown JM, Lassaletta JM (2005) J Am Chem Soc 127:3290
Guerret O, Solé S, Gornitzka H, Teichert M, Trinquier G, Bertrand G (1997) J Am Chem Soc 119:6668
Guerret O, Solé S, Gornitzka H, Trinquier G, Bertrand G (2000) J Organomet Chem 600:112
Mas-Marzá E, Mata JA, Peris E (2007) Angew Chem Int Ed 46:3729
Enders D, Balensiefer T (2004) Acc Chem Res 37:534
Enders D, Niemeier O, Henseler A (2007) Chem Rev 107:5606
Ishida Y, Donnadieu B, Bertrand G (2006) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103:13585
Iglesias M, Beetstra DJ, Stasch A, Horton PN, Hursthouse MB, Coles SJ, Cavell KJ, Dervisi A, Fallis IA (2007) Organometallics 26:4800
Khramov DM, Rosen EL, Lynch VM, Bielawski CW (2008) Angew Chem Int Ed 47:2267
Siemeling U, Färber C, Bruhn C (2009) Chem Commun 98
Nolan SP (2006) N-Heterocyclic carbenes in synthesis. Wiley, New York
Glorius F (2007) Top Organomet Chem 21:1
Herrmann WA, Köcher C, Gooßen LJ, Artus GRJ (1996) Chem Eur J 2:1627
Douthwaite RE, Haüssinger D, Green MLH, Silcock PJ, Gomes PT, Martins AM, Danopoulos AA (1999) Organometallics 18:4584
Herrmann WA, Schwarz J, Gardiner MG (1999) Organometallics 18:4082
Mata JA, Chianese AR, Miecznikowski JR, Poyatas M, Peris E, Faller JW, Crabtree RH (2004) Organometallics 23:1253
Hahn FE, Foth M (1999) J Organomet Chem 585:241
Hahn FE, von Fehren T, Wittenbecher L, Fröhlich R (2004) Z Naturforsch 59b:541
Hu X, Meyer K (2005) J Organomet Chem 690:5474
Normand AT, Cavell KJ (2008) Eur J Inorg Chem 2781
Jahnke MC, Pape T, Hahn FE (2009) Eur J Inorg Chem 1960
Lee C-C, Ke W-C, Chan K-T, Lai C-L, Hu C-H, Lee HM (2007) Chem Eur J 13:582
Albrecht M, van Koten G (2001) Angew Chem Int Ed 40:3750
Hahn FE, Jahnke MC, Pape T (2007) Organometallics 26:150
Pugh D, Danopoulos AA (2007) Coord Chem Rev 251:610
Peris E, Crabtree RH (2004) Coord Chem Rev 248:2239
Baker MV, Skelton BW, White AH, Williams CC (2002) Organometallics 21:2674
Wong WWH, Vickers MS, Cowley AR, Paul RL, Beer PD (2005) Org Biomol Chem 3:4201
Chellappan K, Singh NJ, Hwang I-C, Lee JW, Kim KS (2005) Angew Chem Int Ed 44:2899
Arnold PL, Liddle ST (2006) Chem Commun 3959
Braband H, Kückmann TI, Abram U (2005) J Organomet Chem 690:5421
Crudden CM, Allen DP (2004) Coord Chem Rev 248:2247
Lappert MF (1988) J Organomet Chem 358:185
Hahn FE, von Fehren T, Lügger T (2005) Inorg Chim Acta 358:4137
Herrmann WA, Elison M, Fischer J, Köcher C, Artus GRJ (1995) Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 34:2371
Köcher C, Herrmann WA (1997) J Organomet Chem 532:261
Hahn FE, Holtgrewe C, Pape T, Martin M, Sola E, Oro LA (2005) Organometallics 24:2203
Weskamp T, Böhm VPW, Herrmann WA (2000) J Organomet Chem 600:12
Herrmann WA, Köcher C (1997) Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 36:2162
Wang HMJ, Lin IJB (1998) Organometallics 17:972
Yamaguchi Y, Kashiwabara T, Ogata K, Miura Y, Nakamura Y, Kobayashi K, Ito T (2004) Chem Commun 2160
Liu S-T, Reddy KR (1999) Chem Soc Rev 28:315
Garrison JC, Youngs WJ (2005) Chem Rev 105:3978
Lin IJB, Vasam CS (2007) Coord Chem Rev 251:642
Fraser PJ, Roper WR, Stone FGA (1973) J Organomet Chem 50:C54
Fraser PJ, Roper WR, Stone FGA (1974) J Chem Soc Dalton Trans 102
McGuinness DS, Cavell KJ, Yates BF (2001) Chem Commun 355
McGuinness DS, Cavell KJ, Yates BF, Skelton BW, White AH (2001) J Am Chem Soc 123:8317
Graham DC, Cavell KJ, Yates BF (2007) Dalton Trans 4650
Gründemann S, Albrecht M, Kovacevic A, Faller JW, Crabtree RH (2002) J Chem Soc Dalton Trans 2163
Mas-Marzá E, Sanaú M, Peris E (2005) Inorg Chem 44:9961
Duin MA, Clement ND, Cavell KJ, Elsevier CJ (2003) Chem Commun 400
Clement ND, Cavell KJ, Jones C, Elsevier CJ (2004) Angew Chem Int Ed 43:1277
Viciano M, Mas-Marzá E, Poyatos E, Sanaú M, Crabtree RH, Peris E (2005) Angew Chem Int Ed 44:444
Viciano M, Poyatos M, Sanaú M, Peris E, Rossin A, Ujaque G, Lledos A (2006) Organometallics 25:1120
Fürstner A, Seidel G, Kremzow D, Lehmann CW (2003) Organometallics 22:907
Kremzow D, Seidel G, Lehmann CW, Fürstner A (2005) Chem Eur J 11:1833
Cabeza JA, del Rio I, Sánchez-Vega MG, Suárez M (2006) Organometallics 25:1831
Cabeza JA, da Silva I, del Rio I, Sánchez-Vega MG (2006) Dalton Trans 3966
Jones C, Mills DP, Rose RP (2006) J Organomet Chem 691:3060
Cavell KJ, McGuinness DS (2004) Coord Chem Rev 248:671
McGuinness DS, Green MJ, Cavell KJ, Skelton BW, White AH (1998) J Organomet Chem 565:165
McGuinness DS, Cavell KJ, Skelton BW, White AH (1999) Organometallics 18:1596
McGuinness DS, Cavell KJ (2000) Organometallics 19:4918
McGuinness DS, Mueller W, Wasserscheid P, Cavell KJ, Skelton BW, White AH, Englert U (2002) Organometallics 21:175
McGuinness DS, Saendig N, Yates BF, Cavell KJ (2001) J Am Chem Soc 123:4029
Graham DC, Cavell KJ, Yates BF (2005) Dalton Trans 1093
Graham DC, Cavell KJ, Yates BF (2006) Dalton Trans 1768
Tulloch AAD, Winston S, Danopoulos AA, Eastham G, Hursthouse MB (2003) Dalton Trans 699
Nielsen DJ, Cavell KJ, Skelton BW, White AH (2006) Inorg Chim Acta 359:1855
Danopoulos AA, Tsoureas N, Green JC, Hursthouse MB (2003) Chem Commun 756
Caddick S, Cloke FGN, Hitchcock PB, Leonard J, de K. Lewis AK, McKerrecher D, Titcomb LR (2002) Organometallics 21:4318
Clement ND, Cavell KJ (2004) Angew Chem Int Ed 43:3845
Normand AT, Hawkes KJ, Clement ND, Cavell KJ, Yates BF (2007) Organometallics 26:5352
Normand AT, Yen SK, Huynh HV, Hor TSA, Cavell KJ (2008) Organometallics 27:3153
Raubenheimer HG, Cronje S (2008) Dalton Trans 1265
Schuster O, Raubenheimer HG (2006) Inorg Chem 45:7997
Han Y, Huynh HV, Tan GK (2007) Organometallics 26:6581
Schneider SK, Julius GR, Loschen C, Raubenheimer HG, Frenking G, Herrmann WA (2006) Dalton Trans 1226
Schneider SK, Rentzsch CF, Krüger A, Raubenheimer HG, Herrmann WA (2007) J Mol Catal A Chem 265:50
Arnold PL, Pearson S (2007) Coord Chem Rev 251:596
Albrecht M (2008) Chem Commun 3601
Gründemann S, Kovacevic A, Albrecht M, Faller JW, Crabtree RH (2001) Chem Commun 2274
Kovacevic A, Gründemann S, Miecznikowski JR, Clot E, Eisenstein O, Crabtree RH (2002) Chem Commun 2580
Gründemann S, Kovacevic A, Albrecht M, Faller JW, Crabtree RH (2002) J Am Chem Soc 124:10473
Appelhans LN, Zuccaccia D, Kovacevic A, Chianese AR, Miecznikowski JR, Macchioni A, Clot E, Eisenstein O, Crabtree RH (2005) J Am Chem Soc 127:16299
Lebel H, Janes MK, Charette AB, Nolan SP (2004) J Am Chem Soc 126:5046
Campeau L-C, Thansandote P, Fagnou K (2005) Org Lett 7:1857
Chianese AR, Kovacevic A, Zeglis BM, Faller JW, Crabtree RH (2004) Organometallics 23:2461
Alcarazo M, Roseblade SJ, Cowley AR, Fernández R, Brown JM, Lassaletta JM (2005) J Am Chem Soc 127:3290
Heckenroth M, Kluser E, Neels A, Albrecht M (2007) Angew Chem Int Ed 46:6293
Yang L, Krüger A, Neels A, Albrecht M (2008) Organometallics 27:3161
Bacciu D, Cavell KJ, Fallis IA, Oui L-I (2005) Angew Chem Int Ed 44:5282
Kluser E, Neels A, Albrecht M (2006) Chem Commun 4495
Tschugajeff L, Skanawy-Grigorjewa M, Posnjak A (1925) Z Anorg Allg Chem 148:37
Burke A, Balch AL, Enemark JH (1970) J Am Chem Soc 92:2555
Beck W, Weigand W, Nagel U, Schaal M (1984) Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 23:377
Bär E, Völkl A, Beck F, Fehlhammer WP, Robert A (1986) J Chem Soc Dalton Trans 863
Kunz R, Le Grel P, Fehlhammer WP (1996) J Chem Soc Dalton Trans 3231
Bertani R, Mozzon M, Michelin RA (1988) Inorg Chem 27:2809
Bertani R, Mozzon M, Michelin RA, Benetollo F, Bombieri G, Castilho TJ, Pombeiro AJL (1991) Inorg Chim Acta 189:175
Liu C-Y, Chen D-Y, Lee G-H, Peng S-M, Liu S-T (1996) Organometallics 15:1055
Ku R-Z, Chen D-Y, Lee G-H, Peng S-M, Liu S-T (1997) Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 36:2631
Motschi H, Angelici RJ (1982) Organometallics 1:343
Michelin RA, Zanotto L, Braga D, Sabatino P, Angelici RJ (1988) Inorg Chem 27:93
Ito Y, Hirao T, Tsubata K, Saegusa T (1978) Tetrahedron Lett 19:1535
Fehlhammer WP, Bliß T, Fuchs J, Holzmann G (1992) Z Naturforsch 47b:79
Ruiz J, García G, Mosquera MEG, Perandones BF, Gonzalo MP, Vivanco M (2005) J Am Chem Soc 127:8584
Ruiz J, Perandones BF, García G, Mosquera MEG (2007) Organometallics 26:5687
Bartel K, Fehlhammer WP (1974) Angew Chem Int Ed 13:599
Kernbach U, Fehlhammer WP (1995) Inorg Chim Acta 235:299
Fehlhammer WP, Bartel K, Weinberger B, Plaia U (1985) Chem Ber 118:2220
Hahn FE, Langenhahn V, Pape T (2005) Chem Commun 5390
Hahn FE (1993) Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 32:650
Ferris JP, Antonucci FR, Trimmer RW (1973) J Am Chem Soc 95:919
Jutzi P, Gilge U (1983) J Organomet Chem 246:159
Hahn FE, Tamm M (1993) J Organomet Chem 456:C11
Hahn FE, Tamm M, Lügger T (1994) Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 33:1356
Glaser M, Spies H, Lügger T, Hahn FE (1995) J Organomet Chem 503:C32
Tamm M, Hahn FE (1999) Coord Chem Rev 182:175
Michelin RA, Pombeiro AJL, Guedes da Silva MFC (2001) Coord Chem Rev 218:75
Hahn FE, Langenhahn V, Meier N, Lügger T, Fehlhammer WP (2003) Chem Eur J 9:704
Hahn FE, García Plumed C, Münder M, Lügger T (2004) Chem Eur J 10:6285
Arnold PL, Cloke FGN, Geldbach T, Hitchcock PB (1999) Organometallics 18:3228
Caddick S, Cloke FGN, Clentsmith GKB, Hitchcock PB, McKerrecher D, Titcomb LR, Williams MRV (2001) J Organomet Chem 617–618:635
Green JC, Scurr RG, Arnold PL, Cloke FGN (1997) Chem Commun 1963
Titcomb LR, Caddick S, Cloke FGN, Wilson DJ, McKerrecher D (2001) Chem Commun 1388
Buisine O, Berthon-Gelloz G, Brière J-F, Stérin S, Mignani G, Branlard P, Tinant B, Declercq J-P, Markó IE (2005) Chem Commun 3856
Esposito O, de K. Lewis AK, Hitchcock PB, Caddick S, Cloke FGN (2007) Chem Commun 1157
Voutchkova AM, Appelhans LN, Chianese AR, Crabtree RH (2005) J Am Chem Soc 127:17624
Voutchkova AM, Feliz M, Clot E, Eisenstein O, Crabtree RH (2007) J Am Chem Soc 129:12834
Raubenheimer HG, Cronje S (2001) J Organomet Chem 617–618:170
Raubenheimer HG, Scott F, Cronje S, van Rooyen PH, Psotta K (1992) J Chem Soc Dalton Trans 1009
Raubenheimer HG, Stander Y, Marais EK, Thompson C, Kruger GJ, Cronje S, Deetlefs M (1999) J Organomet Chem 590:158
Meier N, Hahn FE, Pape T, Siering C, Waldvogel SR (2007) Eur J Inorg Chem 1210
Ruiz J, Perandones BF (2007) J Am Chem Soc 129:9298
Araki K, Kuwata S, Ikariya T (2008) Organometallics 27:2176
Tan KL, Bergman RG, Ellman JA (2002) J Am Chem Soc 124:3202
Tan KL, Bergman RG, Ellman JA (2002) J Am Chem Soc 124:13964
Wiedemann SH, Lewis JC, Ellman JA, Bergman RG (2006) J Am Chem Soc 128:2452
Facchin G, Mozzon M, Michelin RA, Ribeiro MTA, Pombeiro DJL (1992) J Chem Soc Dalton Trans 2827
Nakafuji S-y, Kobayashi J, Kawashima T (2008) Angew Chem Int Ed 47:1141
Fürstner A, Alcarazo M, Radkowski K, Lehmann CW (2008) Angew Chem Int Ed 47:8302
Asay M, Donnadieu B, Baceiredo A, Soleilhavoup M, Bertrand G (2008) Inorg Chem 47:3949
Canac Y, Duhayon C, Chauvin R (2007) Angew Chem Int Ed 46:6313
Canac Y, Lepetit C, Abdalilah M, Duhayon C, Chauvin R (2008) J Am Chem Soc 130:8406
Schmidbaur H (1983) Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 22:907
Kaufhold O, Hahn FE (2008) Angew Chem Int Ed 47:4057
Tonner R, Frenking G (2007) Angew Chem Int Ed 46:8695
Tonner R, Frenking G (2008) Chem Eur J 14:3260
Tonner R, Frenking G (2008) Chem Eur J 14:3273
Dyker CA, Lavallo V, Donnadieu B, Bertrand G (2008) Angew Chem Int Ed 47:3206
Fürstner A, Alcarazo M, Goddard R, Lehmann CW (2008) Angew Chem Int Ed 47:3210
Lavallo V, Dyker CA, Donnadieu B, Bertrand G (2008) Angew Chem Int Ed 47:5411
Christl M, Engels B (2009) Angew Chem Int Ed 48:1538
Lavallo V, Dyker CA, Donnadieu B, Bertrand G (2009) Angew Chem Int Ed 48:1540
Frey GD, Lavallo V, Donnadieu B, Schoeller W, Bertrand G (2007) Science 316:439
Stephan DW (2009) Dalton Trans 3129
Holschumacher D, Bannenberg T, Hrib CG, Jones PG, Tamm M (2008) Angew Chem Int Ed 47:7428
Chase PA, Stephan DW (2008) Angew Chem Int Ed 47:7433
Hahn FE, Langenhahn V, Lügger T, Pape T, Le Van D (2005) Angew Chem Int Ed 44:3759
Kaufhold O, Stasch A, Edwards PG, Hahn FE (2007) Chem Commun 1822
Kaufhold O, Stasch A, Pape T, Hepp A, Edwards PG, Newman PD, Hahn FE (2009) J Am Chem Soc 131:306
McKie R, Murphy JA, Park SR, Spicer MD, Zhou S-z (2007) Angew Chem Int Ed 46:6525
Hahn FE, Radloff C, Pape T, Hepp A (2008) Chem Eur J 14:10900
Mercs L, Neels A, Albrecht M (2008) Dalton Trans 5570
Hahn FE, Radloff C, Pape T, Hepp A (2008) Organometallics 27:6408
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2010 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Jahnke, M.C., Hahn, F.E. (2010). Chemistry of N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands. In: Chauvin, R., Canac, Y. (eds) Transition Metal Complexes of Neutral eta1-Carbon Ligands. Topics in Organometallic Chemistry, vol 30. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04722-0_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04722-0_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-04721-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-04722-0
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceChemistry and Material Science (R0)