Abstract
It was pointed out at the very beginning of the presentation of the physics of solids that defects are inevitably present in macroscopic number even in crystalline materials. A fraction of them are thermally generated, but the majority of them are frozen in in the course of the crystal growth process. The structural aspects were discussed in Chapter 9. Every single property of the material is affected by the defects, though to different degrees. Nonetheless, the spectrum of electronic states and lattice vibrations were calculated for ideal crystal structures and the electronic and thermal properties of solids were explained in most of our previous considerations with the tacit assumption that the defect-related effects are negligible.
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Notes
- 1.
Even if the composition is stoichiometric and the atoms are ordered on two sublattices in the ground state, disordering may occur above a critical temperature.
- 2.
P. Soven, 1967.
- 3.
R. De L. Kronig and W. G. Penney, 1931.
- 4.
N. F. Mott, 1966.
- 5.
The statement will be refined later. It will be argued that the relevant distance is the phase-breaking length over which the electron wavefunction loses phase coherence.
- 6.
A. F. Ioffe and A. R. Regel, 1960.
- 7.
The sheet resistance \(R_{\Box}\) or \(R_{\text{s}}\) is the resistance of a thin film of thickness t if the length L and the width W of the film are equal and the current flows in the plane of the film. \(R_{\text{s}} = \rho/t\). The unit for sheet resistance is the ohm, but ohm per square (\(\varOmega/\Box\)) is also commonly used.
- 8.
D. J. Thouless, 1977.
- 9.
A. E. Fick, 1855.
- 10.
N. F. Mott, 1968.
- 11.
A. L. Efros and B. I. Shklovskii, 1975.
- 12.
E. Abrahams, P. W. Anderson, D. C. Licciardello, and T. V. Ramakrishnan, 1979.
- 13.
F. Wegner, 1976.
- 14.
J. R. L. De Almeida and D. J. Thouless, 1978.
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Sólyom, J. (2010). Disordered Systems. In: Fundamentals of the Physics of Solids. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04518-9_9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04518-9_9
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