Abstract
Diacylglycerol kinase (DGK, EC 2.7.1.107) is a lipid kinase that phosphorylates diacylglycerol (DAG) to generate phosphatidic acid (PA). DGK belongs to a well-conserved family of proteins found in diverse species, such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Drosophila melanogaster, Caenorhabditis elegans, mammals, plants, and bacteria (Merida et al. Biochem J 409:1–18, 2008). In eukaryotes, DGK can be activated in response to various stimuli, and its product PA is emerging as a novel lipid second messenger (Munnik, Trends Plant Sci 6:227–233, 2001; Testerink and Munnik, Trends Plant Sci 10:368–375, 2005). Despite similarities to the mammalian system, plant DGKs display several distinctive features.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Andersson MX, Kourtchenko O, Dangl JL, Mackey D, Ellerstrom M (2006) Phospholipase-dependent signalling during the AvrRpm1- and AvrRpt2-induced disease resistance responses in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant J 47:947–959
Anthony RG, Henriques R, Helfer A, Meszaros T, Rios G, Testerink C, Munnik T, Deak M, Koncz C, Bogre L (2004) A protein kinase target of a PDK1 signalling pathway is involved in root hair growth in Arabidopsis. EMBO J 23:572–581
Arisz SA, Testerink C, Munnik T (2009) Plant PA signaling via diacylglycerol kinase. Biochim Biophys Acta 1791:869–875
Benning C, Ohta H (2005) Three enzyme systems for galactoglycerolipid biosynthesis are coordinately regulated in plants. J Biol Chem 280:2397–2400
Gaude N, Nakamura Y, Scheible WR, Ohta H, Dormann P (2008) Phospholipase C5 (NPC5) is involved in galactolipid accumulation during phosphate limitation in leaves of Arabidopsis. Plant J 56:28–39
Gomez-Merino FC, Brearley CA, Ornatowska M, Abdel-Haliem ME, Zanor MI, Mueller-Roeber B (2004) AtDGK2, a novel diacylglycerol kinase from Arabidopsis thaliana, phosphorylates 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycerol and 1, 2-dioleoyl-sn-glycerol and exhibits cold-inducible gene expression. J Biol Chem 279:8230–8241
Gomez-Merino FC, Arana-Ceballos FA, Trejo-Tellez LI, Skirycz A, Brearley CA, Dormann P, Mueller-Roeber B (2005) Arabidopsis AtDGK7, the smallest member of plant diacylglycerol kinases (DGKs), displays unique biochemical features and saturates at low substrate concentration: the DGK inhibitor R59022 differentially affects AtDGK2 and AtDGK7 activity in vitro and alters plant growth and development. J Biol Chem 280:34888–34899
Jerga A, Miller DJ, White SW, Rock CO (2009) Molecular determinants for interfacial binding and conformational change in a soluble diacylglycerol kinase. J Biol Chem 284:7246–7254
Katagiri T, Mizoguchi T, Shinozaki K (1996) Molecular cloning of a cDNA encoding diacylglycerol kinase (DGK) in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Mol Biol 30:647–653
Li W, Li M, Zhang W, Welti R, Wang X (2004) The plasma membrane-bound phospholipase Dδ enhances freezing tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. Nat Biotechnol 22:427–433
Merida I, Avila-Flores A, Merino E (2008) Diacylglycerol kinases: at the hub of cell signalling. Biochem J 409:1–18
Munnik T (2001) Phosphatidic acid: an emerging plant lipid second messenger. Trends Plant Sci 6:227–233
Munnik T, Testerink C (2009) Plant phospholipid signaling – ‘in a nutshell'. J Lipid Res 50:S260–S265
Munnik T, Irvine RF, Musgrave A (1998) Phospholipid signalling in plants. Biochim Biophys Acta 1389:222–272
Ruelland E, Cantrel C, Gawer M, Kader JC, Zachowski A (2002) Activation of phospholipases C and D is an early response to a cold exposure in Arabidopsis suspension cells. Plant Physiol 130:999–1007
Snedden WA, Blumwald E (2000) Alternative splicing of a novel diacylglycerol kinase in tomato leads to a calmodulin-binding isoform. Plant J 24:317–326
Testerink C, Munnik T (2005) Phosphatidic acid: a multifunctional stress signaling lipid in plants. Trends Plant Sci 10:368–375
Testerink C, Dekker HL, Lim ZY, Johns MK, Holmes AB, Koster CG, Ktistakis NT, Munnik T (2004) Isolation and identification of phosphatidic acid targets from plants. Plant J 39:527–536
Van Schooten B, Testerink C, Munnik T (2006) Signalling diacylglycerol pyrophosphate, a new phosphatidic acid metabolite. Biochim Biophys Acta 1761:151–159
Vaultier MN, Cantrel C, Guerbette F, Boutte Y, Vergnolle C, Cicek D, Bolte S, Zachowski A, Ruelland E (2008) The hydrophobic segment of Arabidopsis thaliana cluster I diacylglycerol kinases is sufficient to target the proteins to cell membranes. FEBS Lett 582:1743–1748
Vergnolle C, Vaultier MN, Taconnat L, Renou JP, Kader JC, Zachowski A, Ruelland E (2005) The cold-induced early activation of phospholipase C and D pathways determines the response of two distinct clusters of genes in Arabidopsis cell suspensions. Plant Physiol 139:1217–1233
Wang W, Yang X, Tangchaiburana S, Ndeh R, Markham JE, Tsegaye Y, Dunn TM, Wang GL, Bellizzi M, Parsons JF, Morrissey D, Bravo JE, Lynch DV, Xiao S (2008) An inositolphosphorylceramide synthase is involved in regulation of plant programmed cell death associated with defense in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell 20:3163–3179
Welti R, Li W, Li M, Sang Y, Biesiada H, Zhou HE, Rajashekar CB, Williams TD, Wang X (2002) Profiling membrane lipids in plant stress responses. Role of phospholipase D α in freezing-induced lipid changes in Arabidopsis. J Biol Chem 277:31994–32002
Zhang W, Chen J, Zhang H, Song F (2008) Overexpression of a rice diacylglycerol kinase gene OsBIDK1 enhances disease resistance in transgenic tobacco. Mol Cells 26:258–264
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2010 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Arisz, S.A., Munnik, T. (2010). Diacylglycerol Kinase. In: Munnik, T. (eds) Lipid Signaling in Plants. Plant Cell Monographs, vol 16. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03873-0_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03873-0_7
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-03872-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-03873-0
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)