Abstract
Quantum particles are characterized, for a given preparation, by a fundamental stochasticity of their observable features, such as positions, momenta, energies, or times, e.g., times of arrival at a detector in time-of-flight experiments. In quantum theory the preparation stage is encoded in a wave function, whereas averages or statistical moments of the observables are calculated by a well-known prescription (the expectation value integral) from self-adjoint operators and their powers: this is at least the case for position, momentum, or energy. In fact, the entire statistical distributions are given by the square modulus of the overlap of the wave function with the corresponding eigenstates.
There is so much in that moment!
John Asherby
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Acknowledgments
This work could not have been completed without the aid of A. del Campo, J. A. Damborenea, J. Echanobe, I. L. Egusquiza, V. Hannstein, B. Navarro, and D. Seidel. We also acknowledge "Acciones Integradas" of the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) and Ministerio de Educaci´on y Ciencia and additional support from the Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems; MEC (FIS2006-10268-C03-01); and UPV-EHU (GIU07/40). AR acknowledges support by the German Research Foundation (DFG).
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Ruschhaupt, A., Muga, J.G., Hegerfeldt, G.C. (2009). Detector Models for the Quantum Time of Arrival. In: Muga, G., Ruschhaupt, A., del Campo, A. (eds) Time in Quantum Mechanics - Vol. 2. Lecture Notes in Physics, vol 789. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03174-8_4
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