Abstract
Amblyopia or “lazy eye” occurs when during early childhood visual information from one eye is absent or poorly transmitted to the brain. This visual deprivation causes poor vision and the eye gradually becomes weaker (amblyope) relative to the other eye which becomes stronger. The visual imbalance is caused by the brain’s preference for the strong eye. To restore vision, conventional treatments use occlusion and vision penalization of the strong eye to force the brain to use the amblyope eye. Conventional treatments are regarded as effective in young children but impractical in older subjects and patient compliance remains the main cause of treatment failure. This presentation describes our preliminary efforts to develop a convenient and viable binocular head mounted display (HMD) interface. The goal is to rebalance the vision by using a simultaneous enhancing/attenuation image adjustment. The image presented to the normal eye will be attenuated while the image presented to the amblyope eye will be enhanced. During this operation the user will be engage in recreational activities such as watching movies, using internet or playing video games.
Chapter PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Buffon, G.L.: Sur la cause du strabisme ou des yeux louches, Memories de l’Academie des Sciences, Paris (1743)
Catford, G.V.: Amblyopic occlusion: The results of treatment. Transactions of the Ophthalmological Soc of UK (1987)
Oliver, M.: Compliance and results of treatment for amblyopia in children more than 8 years, old. Am. J. Ophthalmol. 102, 340–345 (1986)
Fawcett, S.L.: Disruption and reacquisition of binocular vision in childhood and in adulthood. Curr. Opin. Ophthalmol. 16(5), 298–302 (2005)
Charman, W.N.: Optical characteristics of Transpaseal as partial occluder. Am. J. Optom. Phys. Opt. 60, 846–850 (1983)
Von Norden, G.K., Milam, J.B.: Penalization in the treatment of amblyopia. Am. J. Ophthalmol. 88, 511–518 (1979)
Holmes, J.M., Beck, R.W., Kraker, R.T.: Risk of amblyopia recurrence after cessation of treatment. J. AAPOS 8, 420–428 (2004)
Flynn, J.T., Shiffman, J., Feyer, W., Corona: Trans. Am. Ophthalmol. Soc. 96, 431–450 (1998)
Fateh, S., Mawas, J.L.: Utilisation de telescope pour regarder la television afin d’ameliorer la vision de l’oeil amblyope. Con. An Orthop. Paris (1994)
Banks, R.V., Campell, F.W., Hess, R.A.: New treatment for amblyopia. Br. Orthot. J. 35, 1–12 (1978)
Watson, P.G., Banks, R.V.: Clinical assessment of a new treatment for amblyopia. Trans. Opthalmolo. Soc. UK 93, 201–208 (1978)
Lennerstrand, G., Samuelsson, B.: Amblyopia in 4 year-old children treated with grating stimulation and full time occlusion, A comparative study. Br. J. Ophtahlmol. 67, 181–190 (1983)
Hubel, D.H., Wiesel, T.N., Levay, S.: Plasticity of Ocular dominace clumuns in Monkey straite cortex. Phils. Trans. R Soc. Lon. Ser. B 278, 377–409 (1997)
Liao, D.S., Krahe, T., Prusky, G.T., Medina, A., Ramoa, A.S.: Recovery of cortical bicocularity and orientation selectivity after the critical period of ocular dominace plasticity. J. Neurophysiol 92, 2113–2121 (2004)
Levi, D.M., Polat, U., Hu, Y.S.: Improvement in vernier acuity in adults with amblyopia: practice makes better. Invest Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 38, 1493–1510 (1997)
Simmers, A.J., Gray, L.S.: Improvement of visual function in an adult amblyope. Optom. Vis. Sci. 76, 82–87 (1999)
Levi, D.M.: Perceptual Learning in Adults with Amblyopia: A Reevaluation of the Critical Periods in Human Vision. Dev. Psychobiol. 46, 222–232 (2005)
Polat, U., Ma-Naim, T., Belkin, M., Sagi, D.: Improving vision in adult amblyopia by perceptual learning. PNAS 101, 6692–6697 (2004)
Hier, R.G., Schmidt, G.W., Miller, R.S., Deforest, S.E.: Realtime locally adaptive Contrats enhancement a Practical Key to Overcoming Display and Human Visual System Limitations. In: SID Symposium Digest of technical Papers, pp. 491–494 (1993)
Fine, E., Peli, E., Brady, N.: Video enhancement improves performance of persons with moderate visual loss. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Low Vision, Vision 1996, Madrid, Spain, pp. 85–92 (1997)
Peli, E., Goldstein, R.B., Young, G.M., Trempe, C.M., Buzney, S.M.: Image enhancement for the visually impaired: Simulations and experimental results. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 32, 2337–2350 (1991)
Fullerton, M., Peli, E.: Post-transmission digital video enhancement for people with visual impairments. Journal of the Society for Information Display 14(1), 15–24 (2006)
Harrad, R.A., Hess, R.F.: Binocular Integration of Contrast Information in Amblyopia. Vision Res. 32(110), 21–35 (1992)
Baker, D.H., Meese, T.S., Mansouri, B., Hess, R.F.: Binocular Summation of Contrast remains intact in Strabismic Amblyopia. IOVS 48(11) (2007)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2009 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Fateh, S., Speeg, C. (2009). Rebalancing the Visual System of People with Amblyopia "Lazy Eye" by Using HMD and Image Enhancement. In: Shumaker, R. (eds) Virtual and Mixed Reality. VMR 2009. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 5622. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02771-0_62
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02771-0_62
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-02770-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-02771-0
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)