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Vpr and Its Interactions with Cellular Proteins

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HIV Interactions with Host Cell Proteins

Part of the book series: Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology ((CT MICROBIOLOGY,volume 339))

Abstract

Like most viral regulatory proteins, HIV-1 Vpr and homologous proteins from primate lentiviruses are small and multifunctional. They are associated with a plethora of effects and functions, including induction of cell cycle arrest in the G2 phase, induction of apoptosis, transactivation, enhancement of the fidelity of reverse transcription, and nuclear import of viral DNA in macrophages and other nondividing cells. This review focuses on the cellular proteins that have been reported to interact with Vpr and their significance with respect to the known functions and effects of Vpr on cells and on viral replication.

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Abbreviations

ANT:

Adenine nucleotide transporter

APOBEC3:

Apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing, catalytic polypeptide-like

ATM:

Ataxia telangiectasia-mutated

ATR:

ATM and Rad3-related

Cdc:

Cell division cycle

Cdk:

Cyclin-dependent kinase

Chk1:

Checkpoint protein 1

CREB:

Cyclic AMP response element binding protein

Cul4:

Cullin 4

CypA:

Cyclophilin A

DCAF1:

DDB1 and Cul4 associated factor-1

DDB1:

Damaged DNA-binding protein-1

GADD45α:

Growth arrest and DNA damage protein alpha

GR:

Glucocorticoid receptor

HHR23:

Human homolog of Rad23

HIV:

Human immunodeficiency virus

Hsp70:

Heat shock protein 70

LTR:

Long terminal repeat

MDM:

Monocyte-derived macrophages

NE:

Nuclear envelope

PTPC:

Permeability transition pore complex

Rad23:

Radiation-sensitive 23

Roc1:

Ring of cullins

SAP:

Splicing-associated protein

SIV:

Simian immunodeficiency virus

TFIIB:

Transcription factor IIB

UNG:

Uracil-N glycosylase

Vpr:

Viral protein regulatory

VprBP:

Vpr-binding protein

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Acknowledgments

We wish to thank Dr. Andrea Cimarelli (Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France) for helpful comments and suggestions. This work was supported by grant AI49057 from the National Institutes of Health, U.S.A., to V.P.

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  1. Division of Cell Biology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, 15 North Medical Drive East #2100 – Room 2520, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84112, USA

    Vicente Planelles

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  1. Vicente Planelles
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  2. Serge Benichou
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Correspondence to Vicente Planelles .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. School of Medicine, Dept. Pediatrics, Emory University, Uppergate Drive NE., 2015, Atlanta, 30322, Georgia, USA

    Paul Spearman

  2. HIV Drug Resistance Program, National Cancer Institute-Frederick, Frederick, Maryland, USA

    Eric O. Freed

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Planelles, V., Benichou, S. (2009). Vpr and Its Interactions with Cellular Proteins. In: Spearman, P., Freed, E. (eds) HIV Interactions with Host Cell Proteins. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol 339. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02175-6_9

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