Abstract
Thin, large-grained polycrystalline Si (poly-Si) films can be formed on foreign substrates (e.g., glass) by the aluminum-induced layer exchange (ALILE) process, which is based on the aluminum-induced crystallization (AIC) of amorphous Si (a-Si). During an annealing step, below the eutectic temperature of the Al/Si system (577°C), the initial substrate/Al/a-Si stack is transformed into a substrate/poly-Si/Al(+Si) stack. In this chapter, the ALILE process itself and the properties of the resulting poly-Si films are discussed in detail from the scientific as well as technological point of view.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
J. Zhao, A. Wang, S.R. Wenham, M.A. Green, in Proceedings of the 13th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Nice, France, 23–27 October 1995 p. 1566
M.A. Green, K. Emery, Y. Hishikawa, W. Warta, Progr. Photovoltaics Res. Appl. 17, 85 (2009)
J. Meier, J. Spitznagel, U. Kroll, C. Bucher, S. Faÿ, T. Moriarty, A. Shah, Thin Solid Films 451–452, 518 (2004)
B. Rech, T. Repmann, M.N. van den Donker, M. Berginski, T. Kilper, J. Hüpkes, S. Calnan, H. Stiebig, S. Wieder, Thin Solid Films 511–512, 548 (2006)
C. Spinella, S. Lombardo, F. Priolo, J. Appl. Phys. 84, 5383 (1998)
M.J. Keevers, T.L. Young, U. Schubert, M.A. Green, in Proceedings of the 22nd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Milan, Italy, 3–7 September 2007, p. 1783
N.H. Nickel (ed.), Laser Crystallization of Silicon (Semiconductors and Semimetals 75), (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2003)
S.R. Herd, P. Chaudhari, M.H. Brodsky, J. Noncryst. Solids 7, 309 (1972)
G. Ottaviani, D. Sigurd, V. Marrello, J.W. Mayer, J.O. McCaldin, J. Appl. Phys. 45, 1730 (1974)
S.M. Sze, Physics of Semiconductor Devices, 2nd edn. (Wiley, New York, 1981), p. 21
G. Majni, G. Ottaviani, Appl. Phys. Lett. 31, 125 (1977)
G. Ottaviani, G. Majni, J. Appl. Phys. 50, 6865 (1979)
B.-Y. Tsaur, G.W. Turner, J.C.C. Fan, Appl. Phys. Lett. 39, 749 (1981)
L.M. Koschier, S.R. Wenham, M. Gross, T. Puzzer, A.B. Sproul, in Proceedings of the 2nd World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, Vienna, Austria, 6–10 July 1998, p. 1539
O. Nast, T. Puzzer. L.M. Koschier, A.B. Sproul, S.R. Wenham, Appl. Phys. Lett. 73, 3214 (1998)
O. Nast, S. Brehme, D.H. Neuhaus, S.R. Wenham, IEEE Trans. Electron Devices 46, 2062 (1999)
O. Nast, T. Puzzer, C.T. Chou, M. Birkholz, in Proceedings of the 16th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Glasgow, UK, 1–5 May 2000, p. 292
O. Nast, S.R. Wenham, J. Appl. Phys. 88, 124 (2000)
O. Nast, A.J. Hartmann, J. Appl. Phys. 88, 716 (2000)
O. Nast, in Proceedings of the 28th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, Anchorage (AK), USA, 15–22 September 2000, p. 284
O. Nast, S. Brehme, S. Pritchard, A.G. Aberle, S.R. Wenham, Solar Energy Mater Solar Cells 65, 385 (2001)
O. Nast, Doctoral thesis, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Germany, 2000
E. Pihan, A. Slaoui, P. Roca i Cabarrocas, A. Focsa, Thin Solid Films 451–452, 328 (2004)
T. Antesberger, C. Jaeger, M. Scholz, M. Stutzmann, Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 201909 (2007)
P.I. Widenborg, A.G. Aberle, in Proceedings of the 29th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, New Orleans (LA), USA, 20–24 May 2002, p. 1206
P.I. Widenborg, A.G. Aberle, J. Cryst. Growth 242, 270 (2002)
S. Gall, I. Sieber, M. Muske, O. Nast, W. Fuhs, in Proceedings of the 17th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Munich, Germany, 22–26 October 2001, 1846 (2002)
S. Gall, M. Muske, I. Sieber, J. Schneider, O. Nast, W. Fuhs, in Proceedings of the 29th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, New Orleans (LA), USA, 20–24 May 2002, p. 1202
S. Gall, J. Schneider, J. Klein, M. Muske, B. Rau, E. Conrad, I. Sieber, W. Fuhs, D. Van Gestel, I. Gordon, K. Van Nieuwenhuysen, L. Carnel, G. Beaucarne, J. Poortmans, M. Stöger-Pollach, P. Schattschneider, in Proceedings of the 31st IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, Lake Buena Vista (FL), USA, 3–7 January 2005, p. 975
P.I. Widenborg, T. Puzzer, J. Stradal, D.H. Neuhaus, D. Inns, A. Straub, A.G. Aberle, in Proceedings of the 31st IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, Lake Buena Vista (FL), USA, 3–7 January 2005, p. 1031
D. Van Gestel, I. Gordon, A. Verbist, L. Carnel, G. Beaucarne, J. Poortmans, Thin Solid Films 516, 6907 (2008)
G. Ekanayake, H.S. Reehal, Vacuum 81, 272 (2006)
G. Ekanayake, T. Quinn, H.S. Reehal, J. Cryst. Growth 293, 351 (2006)
J.H. Kim, J.Y. Lee, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 35, 2052 (1996)
S. Gall, M. Muske, I. Sieber, O. Nast, W. Fuhs, J. Noncryst. Solids 299–302, 741 (2002)
U. Köster, Phys. Stat. Sol. A 48, 313 (1978)
J. Schneider, J. Klein, M. Muske. S. Gall, W. Fuhs, J. Noncryst. Solids 338–340, 127 (2004)
E. Pihan, A. Focsa, A. Slaoui, C. Maurice, Thin Solid Films 511–512, 15 (2006)
K.Y. Lee, M. Muske, I. Gordon, M. Berginski, J. D'Haen, J. Hüpkes, S. Gall, B. Rech, Thin Solid Films 516, 6869 (2008)
Ö. Tüzün, J.M. Auger, I. Gordon, A. Focsa, P.C. Montgomery, C. Maurice, A. Slaoui, G. Beaucarne, J. Poortmans, Thin Solid Films 516, 6882 (2008)
B. Rau, I. Sieber, B. Selle, S. Brehme, U. Knipper, S. Gall, W. Fuhs, Thin Solid Films 451–452, 644 (2004)
D.H. Neuhaus, N.P. Harder, S. Oelting, R. Bardos, A.B. Sproul, P. Widenborg, A.G. Aberle, Solar Energy Mater. Solar Cells 74, 225 (2002)
P. Dogan, E. Rudigier, F. Fenske, K.Y. Lee, B. Gorka, B. Rau, E. Conrad, S. Gall, Thin Solid Films 516, 6989 (2008)
W. Fuhs, S. Gall, B. Rau, M. Schmidt, J. Schneider, Solar Energy 77, 961 (2004)
H. Kim, D. Kim, G. Lee, D. Kim, S.H. Lee, Solar Energy Mater. Solar Cells 74, 323 (2002)
S. Gall, J. Schneider, J. Klein, K. Hübener, M. Muske, B. Rau, E. Conrad, I. Sieber, K. Petter, K. Lips, M. Stöger-Pollach, P. Schattschneider, W. Fuhs, Thin Solid Films 511, 7 (2006)
E. Pihan, A. Slaoui, C. Maurice, J. Cryst. Growth 305, 88 (2007)
D. Van Gestel, M.J. Romero, I. Gordon, L. Carnel, J. D'Haen, G. Beaucarne, M. Al-Jassim, J. Poortmans, Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 092103 (2007)
F. Liu, M.J. Romero, K.M. Jones, A.G. Norman, M. Al-Jassim, D. Inns, A.G. Aberle, Thin Solid Films 516, 6409 (2008)
S. Gall, J. Schneider, M. Muske, I. Sieber, O. Nast, W. Fuhs, in Proceedings of PV in Europe – From PV Technology to Energy Solutions, Rome, Italy, 7–11 October 2002, p. 87
J. Schneider, J. Klein, M. Muske, A. Schöpke, S. Gall, W. Fuhs, in Proceedings of the 3rd World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, Osaka, Japan, 11–18 May 2003, p. 106
J. Schneider, J. Klein, A. Sarikov, M. Muske, S. Gall, W. Fuhs, Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 862, A2.2.1 (2005)
J. Schneider, A. Schneider, A. Sarikov, J. Klein, M. Muske, S. Gall, W. Fuhs, J. Noncryst. Solids 352, 972 (2006)
J. Schneider, Doctoral thesis, Technische Universität Berlin, Germany (2005)
J. Schneider, J. Klein, M. Muske, S. Gall, W. Fuhs, Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 031905 (2005)
A. Sarikov, J. Schneider, J. Klein, M. Muske, S. Gall, J. Cryst. Growth 287, 442 (2006)
A. Sarikov, J. Schneider, M. Muske, S. Gall, W. Fuhs, J. Noncryst. Solids 352, 980 (2006)
D. He, J.Y. Wang, E.J. Mittemeijer J. Appl. Phys. 97, 093524 (2005)
J.Y. Wang, Z.M. Wang, E.J. Mittemeijer, J. Appl. Phys. 102, 113523 (2007)
J. Schneider, A. Sarikov, J. Klein, M. Muske, I. Sieber, T. Quinn, H.S. Reehal, S. Gall, W. Fuhs, J. Cryst. Growth 287, 423 (2006)
A. Sarikov, J. Schneider, M. Muske, I. Sieber, S. Gall, Thin Solid Films 515, 7465 (2007)
C. Messmer, J.C. Bilello, J. Appl. Phys. 52, 4623 (1981)
D.J. Eaglesham, A.E. White, L.C. Feldman, N. Moriya, D.C. Jacobson, Phys. Rev. Lett. 70, 1643 (1993)
I. Gordon, L. Carnel, D. Van Gestel, G. Beaucarne, J. Poortmans, Prog. Photovoltaics Res. Appl. 15, 575 (2007)
I. Gordon, D. Van Gestel, K. Van Nieuwenhuysen, L. Carnel, G. Beaucarne, J. Poortmans, Thin Solid Films 487, 113(2005)
D. Van Gestel, I. Gordon, L. Carnel, K. Van Nieuwenhuysen, G. Beaucarne, J. Poortmans, in Technical Digest of the 15th International Photovoltaic Science and Engineering Conference, Shanghai, China, 10–15 October 2005, p. 853
S. Gall, C. Becker, E. Conrad, P. Dogan, F. Fenkse, B. Gorka, K.Y. Lee, B. Rau, F. Ruske, B. Rech, Solar Energy Mater. Solar Cells 93, 1004 (2009)
Ö. Tüzün, A. Slaoui, I. Gordon, A. Focsa, D. Ballutaud, G. Beaucarne, J. Poortmans, Thin Solid Films 516, 6892 (2008)
P.I. Widenborg, D.H. Neuhaus, P. Campbell, A.B. Sproul, A.G. Aberle, Solar Energy Mater. Solar Cells 74, 305 (2002)
D. Dimova-Malinovska, O. Angelov, M. Kamenova, A. Vaseashta, J.C. Pivin, J. Optoelectron. Adv. Mater. 9, 355 (2007)
K.Y. Lee, C. Becker, M. Muske, F. Ruske, S. Gall, B. Rech, Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 241911 (2007)
D. Dimova-Malinovska, O. Angelov, M. Sendova-Vassileva, M. Kamenova, J.C. Pivin, Thin Solid Films 451–452, 303 (2004)
R. Lechner, M. Buschbeck, M. Gjukic, M. Stutzmann, Phys. Stat. Sol. C 1, 1131 (2004)
M. Gjukic, M. Buschbeck, R. Lechner, M. Stutzmann, Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 2134 (2004)
M. Gjukic, R. Lechner, M. Buschbeck, M. Stutzmann, Appl. Phys. Lett. 86, 062115 (2005)
M. Scholz, M. Gjukic, M. Stutzmann, Appl. Phys. Lett. 94, 012108 (2009)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2009 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Gall, S. (2009). Polycrystalline Silicon Thin-Films Formed by the Aluminum-Induced Layer Exchange (ALILE) Process. In: Nakajima, K., Usami, N. (eds) Crystal Growth of Si for Solar Cells. Advances in Materials Research, vol 14. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02044-5_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02044-5_12
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-02043-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-02044-5
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceChemistry and Material Science (R0)