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Selective Pulmonary Vasodilators

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Pediatric and Neonatal Mechanical Ventilation

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Abstract

Nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized by the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS) as a product of the conversion of l-arginine to l-citrulline. Three NOS isoforms are expressed in the lung, which are characterized by the regulation of their activities and by specific sites and developmental patterns of expression (Shaul 2002). Endothelial NOS (NOS3) is expressed in vascular endothelial cells and is the predominant source of NO production in the pulmonary circulation. Neuronal NOS (NOS1) and inducible NOS (NOS2) are both expressed in the airway epithelium and at low levels in the vascular smooth muscle. Furthermore, the expression of NOS2 can be induced in a variety of pulmonary cell types by exposure to endotoxin or inflammatory cytokines.

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  1. Pediatric Cardiology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s University Hospital Geneva, 6 rue Willy Donzé, Geneva 14, 1221, Switzerland

    Maurice Beghetti MD

  2. Department of Pediatrics, UC Davis Children’s Hospital, University of California, Davis, 2516 Stockton Blvd, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA

    Robin H. Steinhorn MD

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  1. Service of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneve, Switzerland

    Peter C. Rimensberger

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Beghetti, M., Steinhorn, R.H. (2015). Selective Pulmonary Vasodilators. In: Rimensberger, P. (eds) Pediatric and Neonatal Mechanical Ventilation. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-01219-8_29

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  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-01218-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-01219-8

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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