Skip to main content

The Solar Flare: A Strongly Turbulent Particle Accelerator

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Turbulence in Space Plasmas

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Physics ((LNP,volume 778))

The topics of explosive magnetic energy release on a large scale (a solar flare) and particle acceleration during such an event are rarely discussed together in the same article. Many discussions of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) mod- eling of solar flares and/or CMEs have appeared (see [143] and references therein) and usually address large-scale destabilization of the coronal mag- netic field. Particle acceleration in solar flares has also been discussed exten- sively [74, 164, 116, 166, 87, 168, 95, 122, 35] with the main emphasis being on the actual mechanisms for acceleration (e.g., shocks, turbulence, DC electric fields) rather than the global magnetic context in which the acceleration takes place.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. V.I. Abramenko, V. Yurchyshyn, H. Wang, P.R. Goode: Solar Phys., 201, 225 (2001)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  2. V.I. Abramenko, V. Yurchyshyn, H. Wang, T.J. Spirock, P.R. Goode: Astrophys. J., 577, 487 (2002)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  3. V.I. Abramenko, V. Yurchyshyn, H. Wang, T.J. Spirock, P.R. Goode: Astrophys. J., 597, 1135 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  4. A. Achterberg: Astron. Astrophys., 97, 259 (1981)

    MATH  ADS  Google Scholar 

  5. R. Albert, A.L. Barabasi: Rev. Modern Phys., 47, 47 (2002)

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  6. C.E. Alissandrakis: Astron. Astrophys., 100, 197 (1981)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  7. T. Amari, J.F. Luciani, J.J. Aly, Z. Mikic, J. Linker: Astrophys. J., 595, 1231 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  8. J. Ambrosiano, W.H. Matthaeus, M.L. Goldstein, D. Plante: J. Geophys. Res., 93, 14383 (1988)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  9. A. Anastasiadis, L. Vlahos: Astron. Astrophys., 245, 271 (1991)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  10. A. Anastasiadis, L. Vlahos: Astrophys. J., 428, 819 (1994)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  11. A. Anastasiadis, L. Vlahos, M. Georgoulis: Astrophys. J., 489, 367 (1997)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  12. F. Anselmet, R.A. Antonia, L. Danaila: Planetary Space Sci. 49, 1177 (2001)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  13. S. Antiochos, C.R. DeVore, J.A. Klimchuk: Astrophys. J., 510, 485 (1999)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  14. V. Archontis, A.W. Hood, C. Brady: Astron. Astrophys., 466, 367 (2007)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  15. K. Arzner, L. Vlahos: Astrophys. J. Lett., 605, L69 (2004)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  16. M.J. Aschwanden, T. Kosugi, H.S. Hudson, M.J. Wills, R.A. Schwartz: Astrophys. J., 470, 1198 (1996)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  17. G. Aulanier, E. Pariat, P. Demoulin: Astron. Astrophys., 444, 961 (2005)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  18. G. Aulanier, E. Pariat, P. Demoulin: Solar Phys., 238, 347 (2006)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  19. P. Bak, C. Tang, K. Wiesenfeld: 1987, Phys. Rev. Lett., 59, 381 (1987)

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  20. P. Bak: How Nature Works. Springer Verlag, New York: (1996)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  21. R. Balescu: Statistical Dynamics: Matter out of Equilibrium. Imperial College Press, London (1997)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  22. S.G. Benka, G.D. Holman: Astrophys. J., 391, 854 (1992)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  23. A.O. Benz: Space Sci. Rev., 68, 135 (1994)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  24. A.O. Benz: Energy Conversion and Particle Acceleration in the Solar Corona. In: K.L. Klein (ed.) Springer, Berlin, p. 80 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  25. D. Biskamp: Magnetohydrodynamic turbulence. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2003)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  26. D. Biskamp: Magnetic Reconnection in plasmas. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  27. R. Blandford, D. Eichler: Phys. Rep., 154, 1, (1987)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  28. D. Borgogno, et al.: Phys. Plasmas, 12, 32309 (2005)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  29. J.L. Bougeret, et al.: Space Sci. Rev., 71, 231 (1995)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  30. J.C. Brown: Solar Phys., 18, 489, (1971)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  31. J.C. Brown, A.G. Emslie, E.P. Kontor: Astrophys. J. Lett., 595, L115 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  32. A.C. Cadavid, J.K. Lawrence, A.A. Ruzmaikin, A. Kayleng-Knight: Astrophys. J., 429, 391 (1994)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  33. P.J. Cargill, E.R. Priest: Astrophys. J., 266, 383 (1983)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  34. P.J. Cargill: SOLMAG: Magnetic coupling of the solar atmosphere. In: G. Tsiropoula, U. Schuhle (eds.) ESA SP-505, p. 245 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  35. P.J. Cargill, L. Vlahos, R. Turkmani, K. Galsgaard, H. Isliker: Space Sci. Rev., 124, 246 (2006)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  36. P.A. Cassak, M.A. Shay, J.F. Drake: Phys. Rev. Lett., 95, 235002 (2005)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  37. S. Chandrasekhar: Rev. Mod. Phys., 15, 1 (1943)

    Article  MATH  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  38. N.B. Crosby, M.J. Aschwanden, B.R. Dennis: Solar Phys., 143, 275 (1993)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  39. C. Dauphin: Astron. Astrophys., 471, 993 (2007)

    Article  MATH  ADS  Google Scholar 

  40. S. Dalla, P.K. Browning: Astron. Astrophys., 436, 1103 (2005)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  41. S. Dalla, P.K. Browning: Astrophys. J. Lett., 640, L99 (2006)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  42. R.B. Decker, L. Vlahos: Astrophys. J., 306, 710 (1986)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  43. R.B. Decker: Space Sci. Rev., 48, 195 (1988)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  44. N. Décamp, F. Malara: Astrophys. J. Lett., 637, L61 (2006)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  45. P. Démoulin: Adv. Space Res., 39, 1367 (2007)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  46. P. Dmitruk, W.H. Matthaeus, N. Seenu, M.R. Brown: Astrophys. J. Lett., 597, L81 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  47. P. Dmitruk, W.H. Matthaeus, N. Seenu: Astrophys. J., 617, 667 (2004)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  48. S.N. Dorogovsky, J.F. Mendes, A.N. Samuhhin: Phys. Rev. Lett., 85, 4633 (2000)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  49. S.N. Dorogovtsev, J.F. Mendes: Adv. Phys. 51, 1079 (2002)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  50. J.F. Drake, M.A. Shay, W. Thongthai, M. Swisdak: Phys. Rev. Lett., 94, 95001 (2005)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  51. J.F. Drake, M. Swisdak, H. Che, M.A. Shay: Nature, 443, 553 (2006)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  52. J.F. Drake, M. Swisdak, K.M. Schoeffler, B.N. Rogers, S. Kobayashi: J. Geophys. Res., 33, L13105 (2006)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  53. C. Efthimiopoulos, C. Gontikakis, A. Anastasiadis: Astron. Astrophys., 443, 643 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  54. D.C. Ellison, R. Ramaty: Astrophys. J., 298, 400 (1985)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  55. A.G. Emslie, et al.: J. Geophys. Res., 109, A10104 (2004)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  56. A.G. Emslie, B.R. Dennis, G.D. Holman, H.S. Hudson: J. Geophys. Res., 110, A11103 (2005)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  57. E. Fermi: Phys. Rev., 75, 1169 (1949)

    Article  MATH  ADS  Google Scholar 

  58. L. Fletcher, H.S. Hudson: Solar Phys., 210, 307 (2002)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  59. T.G. Forbes, E.R. Priest: Astrophys. J., 446, 377 (1995)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  60. T. Fragos, M. Rantziou, L. Vlahos: Astron. Astrophys., 420, 719 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  61. K. Galsgaard, A. Nordlund: J. Geophys. Res., 101, 13445 (1996)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  62. K. Galsgaard: SOLMAG: Magnetic Coupling of the Solar Atmosphere. In: G. Tsiropoula, U. Schuhle (eds.) ESA SP-505 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  63. K. Galsgaard, V. Archontis, F. Moreno-Insertis, A.W. Hood: Astrophys. J., 666, 516 (2007)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  64. M.K. Georgoulis, B.J. LaBonte, T.R. Metcalf: Astrophys. J., 602, 447 (2004)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  65. M.K. Georgoulis, D.M. Rust, P.N. Bernasconi, B.Schmieder: Astrophys. J., 575, 506 (2002)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  66. M.K. Georgoulis, B.J. LaBonte: Astrophys. J., 615, 1029 (2004)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  67. M.K. Georgoulis: Solar Phys., 228, 5 (2005)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  68. H. Gould, J. Tobochnik: An Introduction to Computer Methods, 2nd Edition, Adison-Wesley, The Netherlands (1996)

    Google Scholar 

  69. P.C. Grigis, A.O. Benz: Astron. Astrophys., 426, 1093 (2004)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  70. P.C. Grigis, A.O. Benz: Astron. Astrophys., 434, 1173 (2005)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  71. K.L. Harvey: PhD thesis, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands (1993)

    Google Scholar 

  72. K. L. Harvey, C. Zwaan: Solar Phys., 148, 85 (1993)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  73. J. Heyvaerts: Particle acceleration by solar flares. In: E.R. Priest (ed.)Solar Flare Magnetohydrodynamics. Gordon and Beach, New York, p. 429 (1981)

    Google Scholar 

  74. G.D. Holman, M.E. Pesses: Astrophys. J., 267, 837 (1983)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  75. R.F. Howard: Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys., 34, 75 (1996)

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  76. D. Hughes, M. Paczuski: Phys. Rev. Lett., 88, 054302 (2002)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  77. D. Hughes, M. Paczuski, R.O. Dendy, P. Halander, K.G. McClements: Phys. Rev. Lett., 90, 131 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  78. G.J. Hurford, R.A. Schwartz, S. Krucker, R.P. Lin, D.M. Smith, N. Vilmer: Astrophys. J. Lett., 595, L77 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  79. H. Isliker, A. Anastasiadis, D. Vassiliadis, L. Vlahos: Astron. Astrophys., 363, 1134 (1998)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  80. H. Isliker, A. Anastasiadis, L. Vlahos: Astron. Astrophys., 363, 1134 (2000)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  81. H. Isliker, A. Anastasiadis, L. Vlahos: Astron. Astrophys., 377, 1068 (2001)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  82. H. Isliker, L. Vlahos: Phys. Rev. E, 67, 026413 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  83. H. Isliker, L. Vlahos: unpublished result (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  84. H. Ji et al.: Phys. Rev. Lett., 92, 115001 (2004)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  85. A.L. Kiplinger: Astrophys. J., 453, 973 (1995)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  86. J.G. Kirk: Plasma Astrophysics. Springer, Berlin, p. 225 (1994)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  87. B. Kliem: Astrophys. J., 90, 719, (1994)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  88. B. Kliem, M. Karlicky, A.O. Benz: Astron. Astrophys., 360, 715 (2000)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  89. R.A. Kopp, G.W. Pneuman: Solar Phys., 50, 85 (1976)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  90. S. Krucker, R.P. Lin: Solar Phys., 210, 229 (2002)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  91. S. Krucker, M.D. Fivian, R.P. Lin: Adv. Space Res., 35(10), 1707 (2005)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  92. S. Krucker, G.J. Hurford, R.P. Lin: Astrophys. J. Lett., 595, L103 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  93. S. Krucker, R.P. Lin: Astrophys. J. Lett., 542, L61 (2000)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  94. J. Kuijpers: Lect. Notes Phys., 469, 101 (1996)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  95. R.M. Kulsrud, A. Ferrari: Astrophys. Space Sci., 12, 302 (1971)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  96. P. Langevin: C.R. Acad. Sci. (Paris), 146, 530 (1908)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  97. T.N. Larosa, R.L. Moore: Astrophys. J., 418, 912 (1993)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  98. Y.T. Lau: Solar Phys., 148, 301 (1993)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  99. J.K. Lawrence, A.A. Ruzmaikin, A.C. Cadavid: Astrophys. J., 417, 805 (1993)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  100. J.K. Lawrence, A.C. Cadavid, A.A. Ruzmaikin: Astrophys. J., 465, 425 (1996)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  101. K.D. Leka, A. Skumanich: Solar Phys., 188, 3 (1999)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  102. A.J. Lichtenberg, M.A. Lieberman: Regular and Stochastic motion. Springer-Verlag, New York (1983)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  103. R.P. Lin, the RHESSI Team: Proc. 10th European Solar Physics Meeting, Prague (ESA SP-506, 2002), p. 1035 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  104. R.P. Lin, et al.: Astrophys. J. Lett., 595, L69 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  105. Y.E. Litvinenko: Solar Phys., 212, 379 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  106. D.W. Longcope: Living Rev. Solar Phys., 2, 7 (2005)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  107. D. W. Longcope, H.R. Strauss: Astrophys. J., 437, 851 (1994)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  108. E.T. Lu, R.J. Hamilton: Astrophys. J. Lett., 380, L89. (1991)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  109. E.T. Lu, R.J. Hamilton, J.M. McTiernan, K.R. Bromund: Astrophys. J., 412, 841 (1993)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  110. P.C.H. Martens: Astrophys. J. Lett., 330, L131 (1988)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  111. S. Masuda, T. Kosugi, H. Hara, S. Tsuneta, Y. Ogawara: Nature, 371, 595 (1994)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  112. A.N. McClynmont, L. Jiao, Z. Mikic: Solar Phys., 174, 191 (1997)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  113. S.W. McIntosh, P. Charbonneau, J.P. Norman, T.J. Bogdan, H.L. Liu: Phys. Rev. E, 65, 46125 (2002)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  114. K.P. Macpherson, A.L. MacKinnon: Astron. Astrophys., 350, 1040 (1999)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  115. D.B. Melrose: Particle Acceleration in Cosmic Plasmas. In: G. P. Zank, T.K. Gaisser (eds.) Institute of Physics, New York, p. 3 (1992)

    Google Scholar 

  116. N. Meunier: Astrophys. J., 515, 801 (1999)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  117. N. Meunier: Astron. Astrophys., 420, 333 (2004)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  118. L.J. Milano, P. Dmitruk, C.H. Mandrini, D.O. Gómez, P. Demoulin: Astrophys. J., 521, 889 (1999)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  119. J.A. Miller, D.A. Roberts: Astrophys. J., 452, 912 (1995)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  120. J.A. Miller, T.N. LaRosa, R.L. Moore: Astrophys. J., 461, 445 (1996)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  121. J.A. Miller, P.J. Cargill, et al.: J. Geophys. Res., 102, 14631 (1997)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  122. R. Metzler, J. Klafter: Phys. Rep., 339, 1 (2000)

    Article  MATH  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  123. E.L. Moghaddam-Taaheri, L. Vlahos, H.L. Rowland, K. Papadopoulos: Phys. Fluids, 28, 3356 (1985)

    Article  MATH  ADS  Google Scholar 

  124. E.L. Moghaddam-Taaheri, C. K. Goertz: Astrophys. J., 352, 361 (1990)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  125. M.E.J. Newman, G.T. Barkema: Monte Carlo Methods in Statistical Physics. Oxford University Press, Oxford (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  126. C. Nodes, G.T. Birk, H. Leach, R. Schopper: Phys. Plasmas, 10, 835 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  127. A. Nordlund, K. Galsgaard: Solar and Stellar Magnetic Activity. In: G.M. Simnett, C.A. Allisandrakis, L. Vlahos (eds.) Solar and Heliospheric Plasma Physics. Springer Verlag, Berlin, (1996)

    Google Scholar 

  128. D.R. Nicholson: Introduction to Plasma Theory. John Wiley and Sons, New York (1983)

    Google Scholar 

  129. G. Nicolis, I. Prigogin: Exploring Complexity: An Introduction. Freeman Co., New York (1989)

    Google Scholar 

  130. M. Øieroset, R.P. Lin, T.D. Phan, D.E. Larson, S.D. Bale: Phys. Rev. Lett., 89, 195001 (2002)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  131. M. Onofri, L. Primavera, F. Malara, P. Veltri: Phys. Plasmas, 11, 4837

    Google Scholar 

  132. M. Onofri, H. Isliker, L. Vlahos: Phys. Rev. Lett., 96, 151102 (2006)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  133. K. Papadopoulos: Rev. Geophys. Space Phys., 15, 113 (1977)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  134. E.N. Parker: Astrophys. J., 174, 642 (1972)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  135. E.N. Parker: Astrophys. J., 264, 642 (1983)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  136. E.N. Parker: Astrophys. J., 330, 474 (1988)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  137. C.E. Parnell, P.E. Jupp: Astrophys. J., 529, 554 (2000)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  138. V. Petrosian, T. Donaghy: Astrophys. J., 610, 550 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  139. V. Petrosian, H. Yan, A. Lazarian: Astrophys. J., 644, 603 (2006)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  140. H.E. Petschek: The Physics of Solar Flares. In: W.N. Hess (ed.), Proc. AAS-NASA Symposium, SP-50 p. 425 (1964)

    Google Scholar 

  141. E.R. Priest, T.G. Forbes: Magnetic Reconnection: MHD theory and applications. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2000)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  142. E.R. Priest, T.G. Forbes: Astr Astrophys. Rev., 10, 313 (2002)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  143. E.R. Priest, G. Hornig, D.I. Pontin: J. Geophys. Res., 108, 1285 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  144. P.L. Prietchett: J. Geophys. Res., 106, 3783 (2001)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  145. J. Qiu, J. Lee, D.E. Gary, H. Wang: Astrophys. J., 565, 1335 (2002)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  146. H. Risken: The Fokker-Planck Equation, 2nd Ed., Springer, Berlin (1989)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  147. I.I. Rousev, et al.: Astrophys. J. Lett., 588, L45 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  148. P. Saint-Hilaire, A.O. Benz: Solar Phys.,210, 287 (2002)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  149. T. Sakao, T. Kosugi, S. Masuda: Observational Plasma Astrophysics: Five Years of Yohkoh and Beyond. In: T. Watanabe, T. Kosugi, A.C. Sterling (eds.) ASSL, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, MA, 229, 273 (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  150. P.E. Seiden, D.G. Wentzel: Astrophys. J., 460, 522 (1996)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  151. R. Schopper, G.T. Birk, H. Lesch: Phys. Plasmas, 6, 4318 (1999)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  152. K. Shibata et al.: Astrophys. J. Lett., 451, L83 (1995)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  153. K. Shibata, S. Tanima: Earth Planets Space, 53, 473 (2001)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  154. D.M. Smith, G.H. Share, R.J. Murphy, R.A. Schwartz, A.Y. Shih, R.P. Lin: Astrophys. J. Lett., 595, L81 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  155. L. Sui, G.D. Holman: Astrophys. J. Lett., 596, L251 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  156. L. Sui, G.D. Holman, B.R. Dennis, S. Krucker, R.A. Schwartz, K. Tolbert: Solar Phys., 210, 245 (2002)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  157. V.S. Titov, E.R. Priest, P. Démoulin: Astron. Astrophys., 276, 564 (1993)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  158. R. Turkmani, L. Vlahos, P.J. Cargill, K. Galsgaard, H. Isliker: Astrophys. J. Lett., 620, L59 (2005)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  159. R. Turkmani, P.J. Cargill, K. Galsgaard, L. Vlahos, H. Isliker: Astron. Astrophys., 449, 749 (2006)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  160. B.A. Tverskoi: Soviet Phys.-JEPT Lett., 25, 317 (1967)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  161. A. M. Veronig, J.C. Brown, B.R. Dennis, R.A. Schwartz, L. Sui, A.K. Tolbert: Astrophys. J., 621, 482 (2005)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  162. B. Viticchié, D. DelMoro, F. Berrilli: Astrophys. J., 652, 1734 (2006)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  163. L. Vlahos, et al.: Energetic Phenomena on the Sun. In: M., Kundu, B., Woodgate, (eds.) NASA Conference Publication 2439 (1986)

    Google Scholar 

  164. L. Vlahos: Statistical Description of Transport in Plasmas, Astro- and Nuclear Physics. In: J. Misquich, G. Pelletier, P. Schuck, (eds.) Nova Science Publishers Inc., New York (1993)

    Google Scholar 

  165. L. Vlahos: Space Sci. Rev., 68, 39 (1994)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  166. L. Vlahos, M. Georgoulis, R. Kluiving, P. Paschos: Astron. Astrophys., 299, 897 (1995)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  167. L. Vlahos: Radio Emission from the Stars and the Sun. In: A.R. Taylor, J.M., Paredes, (eds.) ASP Conference Series, 93, ASP press, San Francisco, p. 355. (1996)

    Google Scholar 

  168. L. Vlahos: ESA Publications, SP-505, 105 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  169. L. Vlahos, T. Fragos, H. Isliker, M. Gergoulis: Astrophys. J. Lett., 575, L87. (2002)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  170. L. Vlahos, M. Georgoulis: Astrophys. J. Lett., 603, L61 (2004)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  171. L. Vlahos, H. Isliker, F. Lepreti: Astrophys. J., 608, 540 (2005)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  172. Vlahos L.: The high Energy solar Corona: Waves, Eruptions, Particles. In: L. Klein, A.L. MacKinon, (eds.) Lect. Notes Phys., p. 15. (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  173. D.G. Wentzel, P.E. Seiden: Astrophys. J., 390, 280 (1992)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  174. T. Yokoyama, K. Shibata: Astrophys. J., 549, 1160 (2001)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  175. G.M. Zaslavsky: Phys. Report, 731, 461 (2002)

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  176. Zeiler, et al.: J. Geophys. Res., 107, 1230 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  177. L.M. Zelenyi, A.V. Milanov, G. Zimabrdo: Multiscale Magnetic Structures in the Daistant Tail. In: A. Nishida, D.N. Baker, S.N. Cowley (eds.) American Geophysical Union, Washington DC, p. 37 (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  178. V. Zharkova, M. Gordovsky: Astrophys. J., 604, 884 (2005)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  179. V. Zharkova, M. Gordovsky: MNRAS, 356, 1107 (2005)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  180. H. Zirin: Astrophysics of the Sun. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1988)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to L. Vlahos .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2009 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Vlahos, L., Krucker, S., Cargill, P. (2009). The Solar Flare: A Strongly Turbulent Particle Accelerator. In: Cargill, P., Vlahos, L. (eds) Turbulence in Space Plasmas. Lecture Notes in Physics, vol 778. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00210-6_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00210-6_5

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-00209-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-00210-6

  • eBook Packages: Physics and AstronomyPhysics and Astronomy (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics