Reconstruction of the nipple—areola complex (NAC) is an essential part of the quality of a breast reconstruction. It should be possible to do this under local anaesthesia in order to both reduce the number of general anaesthetics and increase its acceptability.
Numerous techniques have been described in the literature (Amarante et al. 1994; Klatsky and Manson 1981; Eskenazi 1993; Anton and Hartrampf 1990; Kroll 1999; Weiss et al. 1989; Cronin et al. 1988; Little 1987; McCraw 1992; Brent and Bostwick 1977; Hallock and Altobelli 1993; Heitland et al. 2006). We describe the principal ones along with their advantages and disadvantages.
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(2009). Second-Stage Surgery. In: Fitoussi, A., Berry, M., Couturaud, B., Salmon, R.J. (eds) Oncoplastic and Reconstructive Surgery for Breast Cancer. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00144-4_8
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