Abstract
Digital watermarking is a technique first described in 1979 which aims to embed extra pieces of information into some cover work for protection. This information is known as a digital watermark and its presence shouldn’t affect the overall quality of the cover work. To date the majority of digital watermarking techniques employ watermarks generated by iterating pseudorandom number generators. These watermarks have been shown to possess white spectrums and have good robustness to common watermark attacks. Watermarks generated using chaotic functions have received increasing interest recently. Numerous chaotic functions have been studied for this process and the generated watermark sequences can be easily controlled in order to create a sequence with particular spectral properties, e.g. lowpass sequence. This chapter will present the field of chaotic digital watermarking and examine three chaotic functions used in chaos based watermarking and show the advantages of using these over the more common pseudorandom ones.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Netcraft WSS, Web Server Survey (May 2008) (Cited June 11, 2008), http://news.netcraft.com/archives/web_server_survey.html
De SĂ©lincourt, Herodotus, A.: Penguin Books (Translation) (1996)
Cole, E.: Hiding in Plain Sight: Steganography and the Art of Covert Communi-cation. Wiley Publishing Inc., London (2003)
Johnson, N.F., Duric, Z., Jojodia, S.: Information Hiding: Steganography and Watermarking - Attacks and Countermeasures. Kluwer Academic, London (2000)
Arnold, M., Schmucker, M.: Techniques and Applications of Digital Water-marking and Content Protection. Artech House (2003)
Katzenbeisser, S., Petitcolas, F.A.P.: Information Hiding Techniques for Steg-anography and Digital Watermarking. Artech House, London (2000)
Szepanski, W.: A Signal Theoretic Method for Creating Forgery proof Documents for Automatic Verification. In: Carnahan Conference on Crime Counter-measures, pp. 101–109 (1979)
Cox, I.J., Miller, M.L., Bloom, J.A.: Digital Watermarking. Morgan Kaufmann, London (2002)
Lin, C.Y.: Watermarking and Digital Signature Techniques for Multimedia Au-thentication and Copyright Protection, PhD Thesis - Columbia University (2000)
Fan, Z., Hongbin, Z.: Capacity and Reliability of Digital Watermarking. In: Proceedings of the International conference on the Business of Electronic Product Reliability and Liability, pp. 162–165 (2004)
Barni, M., Bartolini, F., De Rosa, A., Piva, A.: Capacity of the Watermark-Channel: How Many Bits Can Be Hidden Within a Digital Image? In: Proceedings of SPIE Conference on Security and Watermarking of Multimedia Contents, vol. 3657, pp. 437–448 (1999)
Ramkumar, M., Akansu, A.N.: A Capacity Estimate for Data Hiding in Inter-net Multimedia. In: Symposium on Content Security and Data Hiding in Digital Media (1999)
Shannon, C.E.: A Mathematical Theory of Communication. Bell System Technical Journal 27, 373–423 (1948)
Langelaar, G., Setyawan, I., Lagendijk, R.: Watermarking digital image and video data: a state of the art overview. IEEE Signal Processing Magazine 17, 20–46 (2000)
Hernández, J.R., Pérez-González, F.: Statistical Analysis of Watermarking Schemes for Copyright Protection of Images. Proceedings of IEEE, Special Issue: Identification and Protection of Multimedia Information, 1142–1166 (1999)
Inoue, H., Miyazaki, A., Katsura, T.: Wavelet-Based watermarking for Tamper Proofing of Still Images. In: IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, vol. 2, pp. 88–91 (2000)
Mohanty, S.P., Ramakrishnan, K.R., Kankanhalli, M.: A dual watermarking technique for images. In: Proceedings of the seventh ACM International Confer-ence on Multimedia, pp. 49–51 (1999)
Barni, M., Bartolini, F., Piva, A.: Improved Wavelet Based Watermarking Through Pixel-Wise Masking. IEEE Trans. on Image Processing 10, 783–791 (2001)
Gui, G.F., Jiang, L.G., Chen, H.: A New Asymmetric Watermarking Scheme for Copyright Protection. IEICE Trans. Fundamentals 89, 611–614 (2006)
Tefas, A., Nikolaidis, A., Nikolaidis, N., Solachidis, V., Tsekeridou, S., Pitas, I.: Markov chaotic sequences for correlation based watermarking schemes. Proceedings of Chaos, Solitons and Fractals 17, 567–573 (2003)
Mooney, A., Keating, J.G.: An Optical and Digital Technique for Watermark Detection. In: Proceedings of SPIE International Symposium on Optical Science and Technology, vol. 5202, pp. 97–105 (2003)
Mooney, A., Keating, J.G., Pitas, I.: A Comparative Study of Chaotic and White Noise Signals in Digital Watermarking. Chaos, Solitons and Fractals 35, 913–921 (2008)
Mintzer, F.C., et al.: Toward on-line, world-wide access to Vatican Library materials. IBM Journal of Research and Devel-opment 40, 139–162 (1996)
Mintzer, F.C.: Developing Digital Libraries of Cultural Content for Internet Access. IEEE Communications Magazine 37, 72–78 (1998)
Stewart, D., Lerner, E.A.: IBM- Think Research (Cited June 11, 2008), http://domino.watson.ibm.com/comm/wwwr_thinkresearch.nsf/pages/solutions299.html
Hu, Y., Kwong, S., Huang, J.: Using Invisible Watermarks to Protect Visible Watermarked Images. In: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Circuit and Systems, vol. 5, pp. 584–587 (2004)
Hartung, F., Kutter, M.: Multimedia Watermarking Techniques. Proceedings of the IEEE 87, 1079–1107 (1999)
Tefas, A., Nikolaidis, A., Nikolaidis, N., Solachidis, V., Tsekeridou, S., Pitas, I.: Performance Analysis of Watermarking Schemes based on Skew Tent Chaotic Sequences. In: NSIP 2001, vol. 51, pp. 1979–1994 (2001)
Tsekeridou, S., Solachidis, V., Nikolaidis, N., Nikolaidis, A., Tefas, A., Pitas, I.: Bernoulli Shift Generated Watermarks: Theoretic Investigation. In: Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, vol. 3, pp. 1989–1992 (2001)
Connor, F.R.: Noise: Introductory Topics in Electronics and Telecommunications, 2nd edn. Edward Arnold (1986)
Van Schyndel, R.G.: Digital Watermarking and Signal Delay Estimation Us-ing Pseudonoise Sequences. PhD thesis, School of Physics and Material Science, Monash University, Australia (2003)
Devaney, R.L.: A first course in Chaotic Dynamical Systems – Theory and Experiment. Perseus Books, Cambridge (1992)
Nazareno, H.N., Gonzalez, J.A., Costa, I.F.: Propagating nature in chaotic systems. American Physical Society, Physical Review 57, 13583–13588 (1998)
Titchener, M.R., Ebeling, W.: Deterministic chaos and information theory. In: Proceedings of Data Compression Conference (2001)
Xiang, H., Wang, L., Lin, H., Shi, J.: Digital watermarking systems with chaotic sequences. In: Proceedings of Security and Watermarking of Multimedia Contents, pp. 449–457 (1999)
Dawei, A., Guanrong, C., Wenbo, L.: A chaos based robust wavelet-domain watermarking algorithm. Chaos, Solitons and Fractals 22, 47–54 (2004)
Mooney, A., Keating, J.G.: Generation and Detection of Watermarks Derived from Chaotic Function. In: Proceedings of Opto-Ireland. Proceedings SPIE, vol. 5823, pp. 58–69 (2005)
Schroeder, M.: Fractals, Chaos, Power Laws. Freeman and Company, New York (1991)
Mooney, A., Keating, J.G., Heffernan, D.M.: A Detailed Study of the Genera-tion of Optically Detectable Watermarks using the Logistic Map. Chaos, Solitons and Fractals 30, 1088–1097 (2006)
Fridrich, J.: Combining low-frequency and spread spectrum watermarking. In: Proceedings of SPIE Symposium on Optical Science, Engineering and Instru-mentation, vol. 3456, pp. 2–12 (1998)
Woo, C.S., Du, J., Pham, B.: Performance factors analysis of a wavelet-based watermarking method. In: Proceedings of Australian Information Security Workshop, vol. 44, pp. 89–98 (2005)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2009 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Mooney, A. (2009). Chaos Based Digital Watermarking. In: Kocarev, L., Galias, Z., Lian, S. (eds) Intelligent Computing Based on Chaos. Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol 184. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-95972-4_15
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-95972-4_15
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-95971-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-95972-4
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)