Introduction
The story of chaos-based or “chaotic” cryptography is remarkable, for several reasons. To begin with, it appeared outside conventional cryptography, first as an application of chaos theory [56], and a short time later, also as an application of chaos synchronization [58], a property of coupled chaotic oscillators studied in the framework of communication techniques. The first approach exploits the random-like properties of the orbits generated by iterations of a chaotic map [25, 48]. The basic idea of the second approach is very simple: mask the message with a chaotic signal and use synchronization at the receiver to filter out the chaotic signal [15, 34]. For these reasons, chaotic cryptography has been mainly developed by engineers and physicists, generally not aware of the concepts and standards used by cryptographers. As a consequence their proposals, mostly published in journals of physics and engineering, are more often than not lacking of theoretical rigor, beside being cryptographically weak and computationally inefficient. This partially explains that after almost two decades, chaos-based cryptography is still considered a marginal phenomenon, although it embodies better than its competitor the confusion and diffusion principles put forward by Shannon in his foundational work [64].
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Amigó, J.M. (2009). Chaos-Based Cryptography. In: Kocarev, L., Galias, Z., Lian, S. (eds) Intelligent Computing Based on Chaos. Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol 184. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-95972-4_14
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