Summary
The total angular momentum and magnetic moment of an atom are given by
Here, the eigenvalue of the operator \(\hat{g}\) is the Landé g-factor written as
The ground state of an atomor ion with an incomplete shell is determined by Hund’s rules: The ground state has the maximum S consistent with the Pauli exclusion principle. It has the maximum L consistent with the maximum spin multiplicity 2S + 1 of Rule 1. The J-value is given by L − S when a shell is less than half filled and by L + S when more than half filled.
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© 2009 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
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Quinn, J.J., Yi, KS. (2009). Magnetism in Solids. In: Solid State Physics. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-92231-5_9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-92231-5_9
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