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Deceptive Behavior in Plants. II. Food Deception by Plants: From Generalized Systems to Specialized Floral Mimicry

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Plant-Environment Interactions

Part of the book series: Signaling and Communication in Plants ((SIGCOMM))

Abstract

Most of the ca. 8,000 angiosperm species that lack floral rewards are orchids pollinated by food-seeking animals. The fitness benefits of floral deception are still being debated, but most of the available evidence suggests that food deception evolves because it strongly promotes cross-pollination. These plants are generally considered to employ either generalized food deception (exploiting innate preferences of pollinators) or Batesian floral mimicry (exploiting conditioned preferences of pollinators). However, we argue that there are also intermediate conditions between these two modes and that exploitation of conditioned preferences is probably more common among food-deceptive orchids than was previously realized. We also review evidence for ecological facilitation of the pollination of deceptive species by rewarding species via the “magnet effect.” We then consider the relative importance of visual and olfactory cues in food-deceptive systems. The role of scent in food-deceptive systems, especially generalized ones, is still poorly understood, but the available evidence indicates that floral color matching is a critical component of Batesian floral mimicry.

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Acknowledgments

The research into orchid pollination was supported by a grant (No. KJB600870601) from the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic to Jana Jersáková and MSM 6007665801 to the Faculty of Science of University of South Bohemia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Theoretical Ecology, Institute of Systems Biology and Ecology AS CR and University of South Bohemia, Braniovská 31, Českě Budʃjovice, 37005, Czech Republic

    Jana Jersáková

  2. School of Biological and Conservation Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Pietermaritzburg, 3209, South Africa

    Steven D. Johnson

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  1. Jana Jersáková
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  2. Steven D. Johnson
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  3. Andreas Jürgens
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Correspondence to Jana Jersáková or Steven D. Johnson .

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    Jersáková, J., Johnson, S.D., Jürgens, A. (2009). Deceptive Behavior in Plants. II. Food Deception by Plants: From Generalized Systems to Specialized Floral Mimicry. In: Balu¿ka, F. (eds) Plant-Environment Interactions. Signaling and Communication in Plants. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-89230-4_12

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