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Protein Microarrays

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Abstract

Proteins are key actors in the life of the cell, involved in many physiological and pathological processes. Since variations in the expression of messenger RNA are not systematically correlated with variations in the protein levels, the latter better reflect the way a cell functions. Protein microarrays thus supply complementary information to DNA chips. They are used in particular to analyse protein expression profiles, to detect proteins within complex biological media, and to study protein-protein interactions, which give information about the functions of those proteins [3–9]. They have the same advantages as DNA microarrays for high-throughput analysis, miniaturisation, and the possibility of automation. Section 18.1 gives a brief overview of proteins. Following this, Sect. 18.2 describes how protein microarrays can be made on flat supports, explaining how proteins can be produced and immobilised on a solid support, and discussing the different kinds of substrate and detection method. Section 18.3 discusses the particular format of protein microarrays in suspension. The diversity of protein microarrays and their applications are then reported in Sect. 18.4, with applications to therapeutics (protein–drug interactions) and diagnostics. The prospects for future developments of protein microarrays are then outlined in the conclusion. The bibliography provides an extensive list of reviews and detailed references for those readers who wish to go further in this area. Indeed, the aim of the present chapter is not to give an exhaustive or detailed analysis of the state of the art, but rather to provide the reader with the basic elements needed to understand how proteins are designed and used.

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  1. Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines, UMR 5086 CNRS Université Lyon I, 7 passage du Vercors, 69367, Lyon Cedex 07, France

    S. Ricard-Blum

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  1. LETI-MINATEC, CEA, rue des martyrs 17, Grenoble CX 9, 38054, France

    Patrick Boisseau

  2. Université d'Evry, bd. F. Mitterrand, Evry CX, 91025, France

    Philippe Houdy

  3. Dépt. Sciences des Matériaux, Université d'Evry, rue du père Jarlan, Evry CX, 91025, France

    Marcel Lahmani

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Ricard-Blum, S. (2009). Protein Microarrays. In: Boisseau, P., Houdy, P., Lahmani, M. (eds) Nanoscience. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-88633-4_18

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