Abstract
A 4-bit adaptive differential pulse-code modulation (ADPCM) scheme applied to the sensor data of a Zigbee based wireless sensor network node is shown to decrease the energy consumption of the analog front-end of the node by 58%. Simulation results from an energy model of an 802.15.4 based analog front-end show that the energy consumed by the network node is inversely proportional to the number of bits used to encode the digital data. The quantization error of a 4-bit ADPCM scheme is on average -14 dB for low frequency data and only 3 dB higher than a traditional 8-bit PCM scheme. By modifying the modulation scheme in the software with no modification of the hardware, the lifetime of the node can be increased significantly with minimal modifications.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
IEEE Standard for Information technology - Telecommunications and information exchange between systems - Local and metropolitan area networks - Specific requirements, Part 15.4: Wireless Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications for Low-Rate Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANS)
Wang, Q., Hempstead, M., Yang, W.: A Realistic Power Consumption Model for Wireless Sensor Network Devices. IEEE Comm. Society on Sensor and Ad Hoc Comm. and Networks 1, 286–295 (2006)
Li, Y., Bakkaloglu, B., Chakrabarti, C.: A Comprehensive Model and Energy-Quality Evaluation of Wireless Transceiver Front-Ends. In: Proc. of IEEE Workshop on SIPS, pp. 262–267 (November 2005)
Wang, Q., Wooward, Y.: Energy Consumption for Power Management in Wireless Sensor Networks. In: 4th Annual IEEE Comm. Soc. Conf. on SECON 2007, pp. 142–151 (June 2007)
Kan, B., Cai, L., Zhao, L., Xu, Y.: Energy Efficient Design of WSN Based on An Accurate Power Consumption Model. In: Int. Conf. on WiCOM 2007, pp. 2751–2754 (September 2007)
Richey, R.: Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation Using PICMicro Microcontrollers. Microchip Application note AN643 (1997)
Liu, B., Goldstein, L.: Power Spectra of ADPCM. IEEE Trans. Acoust., Speech, and Signal Processing ASSP-25(1), 56–62 (1977)
Goldstein, L., Liu, B.: Quantization Error and Step-Size Distributions in ADPCM. IEEE Trans. on Information Theory IT-23(2), 216–223 (1977)
Goldstein, L., Liu, B.: Quantization Noise in ADPCM Systems. IEEE Trans. on Communications COM-25(2), 227–238 (1977)
Wang, L., Fukatsu, Y., Watanabe, K.: Characterization of Current-Mode CMOS R-2R Ladder Digital-to-Analog Converters. IEEE Trans. on Instrumentation and Measurement 56(2), 1781–1786 (2001)
Lawuers, E., Gielen: High-level Power Estimator for Analog Filters. In: IEEE/ProRISC 1999, pp. 255–260 (October 1999)
Duarte, E.: Clock Network and Phase-Locked Loop Power Estimation and Experimentation, Ph.D. dissertation, Pennsylvania State University, PA, USA, pp. 36–57 (May 2002)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Billoo, M., Sable, C. (2008). Energy Consumption Reduction of a WSN Node Using 4-bit ADPCM. In: Li, Y., Huynh, D.T., Das, S.K., Du, DZ. (eds) Wireless Algorithms, Systems, and Applications. WASA 2008. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 5258. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-88582-5_33
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-88582-5_33
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-88581-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-88582-5
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)