Abstract
On-demand routing protocols in wireless ad-hoc (mesh) networks use route requests to search for a routing path. To determine a route that optimizes a metric function, an intermediate node retransmits a route request that has a lower metric value. This can create flooding waves, where a large number of route requests are retransmitted through the network. In this paper, we study different classes of node load-based metric functions that are useful in sensor networks and telephony applications. We tackle the problem of determining optimal routes while minimizing flooding waves. We define a notion of efficient flooding and show that an online algorithm can discover an optimal metric path while achieving efficient flooding for a sum load metric, but this is not possible for a min-max load metric. We simulate an online algorithm that is provably efficient in terms of flooding for some classes of metrics and analyze its performance for different load-based metric functions.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
IEEE 802.11s Wireless Mesh Networking Project Status Update, http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/802/11/Reports/tgs_update.htm
Akyildiz, I., Wang, X.: A survey of wireless mesh networks. IEEE Radio Communications (September 2005)
Draves, R., Padhye, J., Zill, B.: Comparisons of routing metrics for multi-hop wireless networks. In: Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM, pp. 133–144 (August 2004)
Royer, E., Toh, C.K.: A review of current routing protocols for ad-hoc mobile wireless networks. IEEE Personal Communications Magazine, 46–55 (April 1999)
Perkins, C.E., Royer, E.M.: Ad-hoc on-demand distance vector routing. In: Proceedings of the 2nd IEEE Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications, New Orleans, LA, pp. 90–100 (February 1999)
Johnson, D.B., Maltz, D.A.: Dynamic source routing in ad hoc wireless networks. In: Imielinski, Korth (eds.) Mobile Computing, vol. 353, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht (1996)
Perkins, C., Bhagwat, P.: Highly dynamic destination-sequenced distance-vector routing (DSDV) for mobile computers. In: ACM SIGCOMM 1994 Conference on Communications Architectures, Protocols and Applications, pp. 234–244 (1994)
Yang, Y., Wang, J., Kravets, R.: Designing routing metrics for mesh networks. In: IEEE Workshop. on Wireless Mesh Networks (WiMesh) (2005)
DeCouto, D., Aguayo, D., Bicket, J., Morris, R.: A high throughput path metric for multi-hop wireless routing. In: ACM Mobicom (2003)
Akyildiz, I., Su, W., Sankarasubramaniam, Y., Cayirci, E.: A survey on sensor networks. IEEE Commun. Mag. 40(8), 102–114 (2002)
Gobriel, S., Krishnakumar, A.S., Krishnan, P., Yajnik, S.: Self-configuring multi-hop ad-hoc wireless telephony for small enterprises. In: Proc. WCNC (March 2007)
Hassanein, H., Zhou, A.: Routing with load balancing in wireless ad hoc networks. In: Proc. of ACM international workshop on Modeling, analysis and simulation of wireless and mobile systems, pp. 89–96 (2001)
Lee, S., Gerla, M.: Dynamic load-aware routing in ad-hoc networks. In: Proc. of ICC (2001)
Kyasanur, P., So, J., Chereddi, C., Vaidya, N.H.: Multi-channel mesh networks: Challenges and protocols. IEEE Wireless Communications (April 2006)
Gobriel, S., Krishnakumar, A.S., Krishnan, P., Yajnik, S.: When the long way is not the wrong way. In: Proc. of WLANMesh (2007)
Gobriel, S., Melhem, R., Mosse, D.: Mitigating the flooding waves problem in energy-efficient routing for MANETs. In: Proc. of ICDCS (2006)
Sobrinho, J.L.: Algebra and algorithms for QoS path computation and hop-by-hop routing in the internet. IEEE/ACM Trans. Netw. 10(4), 541–550 (2002)
Tseng, Y.C., Ni, S.Y., Chen, Y.-S., Sheu, J.P.: The broadcast storm problem in a mobile ad-hoc network. ACM Wireless Networks 8(2), 153–167 (2002)
Network Simulator 2, http://nsnam.isi.edu/nsnam/index.php/Main_Page
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Gobriel, S., Krishnakumar, A.S., Krishnan, P., Yajnik, S. (2008). Load-Based Metrics and Flooding in Wireless Mesh Networks. In: Li, Y., Huynh, D.T., Das, S.K., Du, DZ. (eds) Wireless Algorithms, Systems, and Applications. WASA 2008. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 5258. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-88582-5_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-88582-5_11
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-88581-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-88582-5
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)