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Silicatein: Nanobiotechnological and Biomedical Applications

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Biosilica in Evolution, Morphogenesis, and Nanobiotechnology

Part of the book series: Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology ((MMB,volume 47))

Abstract

Silica-based materials are used in many high-tech products including microelectronics, optoelectronics, and catalysts. Siliceous sponges (Demospongiae and Hexactinellida) are unique in their ability to synthesize silica enzymatically. We have cloned the silica-forming enzymes, silicateins, from both demosponges (marine and freshwater sponges) and hexactinellid sponges. The recombinant enzymes allow the synthesis of silica under environmentally benign ambient conditions, while the technical (chemical) production of silica commonly requires high temperatures and pressures, and extremes of pH. Silicateins can be used for the fabrication of highly-ordered inorganic–organic composite materials with defined optical, electrical, and mechanical properties. The simple self-assembly properties of silicateins which are able to form silica and other metal oxides in aqueous solution allow the development of novel products in nano(bio)technology, medicine, and dentistry.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Physiologische Chemie, Abteilung Angewandte Molekularbiologie Universität, Duesbergweg 6, Mainz, D-55099, Germany

    Heinz C. Schröder, Ute Schloßmacher, Alexandra Boreiko, Filipe Natalio, Malgorzata Baranowska, David Brandt, Matthias Wiens & Werner E. G. Müller

  2. National Research Center for Geoanalysis, 26 Baiwanzhuang Dajie, Beijing, CHN-100037, China

    Xiaohong Wang

  3. Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Analytische Chemie Universität, Duesbergweg 10-14, Mainz, D-55099, Germany

    Wolfgang Tremel

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  1. Heinz C. Schröder
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  2. Ute Schloßmacher
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  3. Alexandra Boreiko
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  4. Filipe Natalio
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  5. Malgorzata Baranowska
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  6. David Brandt
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  7. Xiaohong Wang
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  8. Wolfgang Tremel
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  9. Matthias Wiens
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  10. Werner E. G. Müller
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Inst. Physiologische Chemie Abt. Angewandte Molekularbiologie, Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 6, Mainz, 55099, Germany

    Werner E. G. Müller

  2. Siberian Branch, Limnological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Batorskaya st. 3, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia

    Mikhael A. Grachev

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Schröder, H.C. et al. (2009). Silicatein: Nanobiotechnological and Biomedical Applications. In: Müller, W.E.G., Grachev, M.A. (eds) Biosilica in Evolution, Morphogenesis, and Nanobiotechnology. Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology, vol 47. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-88552-8_11

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