Auszug
Belastende Lebensereignisse im Kindes- und Jugendalter können die Entstehung von psychischen Krankheiten begünstigen. Dabei ist zu unterscheiden zwischen sog. kritischen Lebensereignissen, wie Trennung der Eltern oder Krankheit eines Familienmitgliedes und traumatischen Erfahrungen im engeren Sinne, wie z. B. schwere Unfälle oder Gewalt. Traumatische Erfahrungen sind dadurch definiert, dass während des Ereignisses das Leben oder die körperliche Unversehrtheit einer Person bedroht ist. Dabei ist nicht von Bedeutung, ob die Person selbst unmittelbar bedroht ist oder ob das Ereignis nur beobachtet wird. Zusätzlich ist für ein traumatisches Ereignis erforderlich, dass die Situation unter intensiver Angst oder Hilflosigkeit erlebt wird. Diese enge Definition von Traumata hat sich bewährt, da derartige Erlebnisse im Unterschied zu anderen belastenden Lebensereignissen spezifische psychische Konsequenzen zur Folge haben können.
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Neuner, F., Ruf, M., Catani, C. (2009). Traumatische Ereignisse. In: Lohaus, A., Domsch, H. (eds) Psychologische Förder- und Interventionsprogramme für das Kindes- und Jugendalter. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-88384-5_21
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