Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

A Resource Discovery Method Based on Multiple Mobile Agents in P2P Systems

  • Chapter
Intelligent Agents in the Evolution of Web and Applications

Part of the book series: Studies in Computational Intelligence ((SCI,volume 167))

Abstract

A peer-to-peer (P2P) system consists of a number of decentralized distributed network nodes that are capable of sharing resources without centralized supervision. Many applications such as IP-phone, contents delivery networks (CDN) and distributed computing adopt P2P technology into their base communication systems. One of the most important functions in P2P system is the location of resources, and it is generally hard to achieve due to the intrinsic nature of P2P, i.e. dynamic re-configuration of the network. We have proposed and implemented an efficient resource locating method in a pure P2P system based on a multiple agent system. The model of our system is a distributed hash table (DHT)-based P2P system that consists of nodes with DHT (high performance nodes) and nodes without DHT (regular nodes). All the resources as well as resource information are managed by cooperative multiple agents. In order to optimize the behaviors of cooperative multiple agents, we utilize the ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm that assists mobile agents to migrate toward relatively resource-rich nodes. Quasi-optimally guided migrating multiple agents are expected to find desired resources effectively while reducing communication traffic in the network. Efficient migration is achieved through the clustering of nodes that correlates nodes into a group by logical similarity, and through an indirect communications that are typical of social insects, called stigmergy. When an agent finds a resource-rich node, it strengthens the path toward the node so that further efficiency is gained. Strengthening of the route is achieved by pheromone laid down by preceding agents that guides succeeding agents. The numerical experiments through simulation have shown a significant reduction of generated messages.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Saroiu, S., Gummadi, K.P., Gribble, S.D.: Measuring and analyzing the characteristics of napster and gnutella hosts. Multimedia Systems 9, 170–184 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Harada, Y., Kambayashi, Y.: Designing a resource discovery method based on multi-agents in p2p systems. In: Proceedings of the IADIS International Conference WWW/Internet. vol. 2, pp. 196–200 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Kambayashi, Y., Harada, Y.: A resource discovery method based on multi-agents in p2p systems. In: Nguyen, N.T., Grzech, A., Howlett, R.J., Jain, L.C. (eds.) KES-AMSTA 2007. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 4496, pp. 364–374. Springer, Heidelberg (2007)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  4. Adar, E., Huberman, B.A.: Free Riding on Gnutella, Technical Report, 10. Xerox PARC, Paro Alto (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Saroiu, S., Gummadi, K.P., Gribble, S.D.: A measurement study of peer-to-peer file sharing systems. In: Proceedings of the Multimedia Computing and Networking (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Maymounkov, P., Mazieres, D.: Kademlia: A peer-to-peer information system based on the xor metric. revised paper from the 1st international workshop on peer-to-peer systems. In: Druschel, P., Kaashoek, M.F., Rowstron, A. (eds.) IPTPS 2002. LNCS, vol. 2429, pp. 53–65. Springer, Heidelberg (2002)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  7. Rowston, A., Druschel, P.: Pastry: scalable, distributed object location and routing for large-scale peer-to-peer systems. In: Proceedings of the 18th IFIP/ACM International Conference on Distributed Systems Platforms, pp. 329–350 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Stoica, I., Morris, R., Karger, D.: Chord: a scalable peer-to-peer lookup service for internet applications. In: Proceedings of the 2001 ACM SIGCOMM Conference, pp. 149–160 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Zhao, B.Y., Huang, L., Stribling, J., Rhea, S.C.: Tapestry: a resilient global-scale overlay for service deployment. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 22(1), 44–53 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Castro, M., Costa, M., Rowstron, A.: Peer-to-Peer Overlays: Structured, Unstructured, or Both? Technical Report MSR-TR-2004-73. Microsoft Research, Redmond (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Stutzbach, D., Rejaie, R., Sen, S.: Characterizing unstructured overlay topologies in modern p2p file-sharing systems. In: Proceedings of Internet Measurement Conference, pp. 49–62 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Jiang, H., Jin, S.: Exploiting dynamic querying like flooding techniques in unstructured peer-to-peer networks. In: Proceedings of IEEE Internet Conference on Network Protocol (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Wooldridge, M.: An Introduction to Multiagent Systems. John Willey, New York (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Cameron, R.D.: Using mobile agents for network resource discovery in peer-to-peer networks. SIGecom Exchanges 2(3), 1–9 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Kambayashi, Y., Takimoto, M.: Higher-order mobile agents for controlling intelligent robots. International Journal of Intelligent Information Technologies 1(2), 28–42 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Mizuno, M., Kurio, M., Takimoto, M., Kambayashi, Y.: Flexible and efficient use of robot resources using higher-order mobile agents. In: Proceedings of Joint Conference on Knowledge-Based Software Engineering, pp. 253–262 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Takimoto, M., Mizuno, M., Kurio, M., Kambayashi, Y.: Saving energy consumption of multi-robots using higher-order mobile agents. In: Nguyen, N.T., Grzech, A., Howlett, R.J., Jain, L.C. (eds.) KES-AMSTA 2007. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 4496, pp. 549–558. Springer, Heidelberg (2007)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  18. Goss, S., Aron, S., Deneubourg, J.L., Pasteels, J.M.: Self-organized shortcuts in the argentine ant. Naturwissenschaften 76, 579–581 (1989)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Beckers, R., Deneubourg, J.L., Goss, S.: Trails and u-turns in the selection of the shortest path by the ant lasius niger. Journal of Theoretical Biology 159, 397–415 (1992)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Colorni, A., Dorigo, M., Maniezzo, V.: Distributed optimization by ant colonies. In: Proceedings of the European Conference on Artificial Life, pp. 134–142 (1991)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Dorigo, M., Gambardella, L.M.: Ant colony system: a cooperative learning approach to the traveling salesman. IEEE Transaction on Evolutionary Computation 1(1), 53–66 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Dorigo, M., Maniezzo, V., Colorni, A.: Positive Feedback as a Search Strategy, Technical Report 91-016. Dipartimento di Elettronica, Politecnico di Milano (1991)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Dorigo, M., Maniezzo, V., Colorni, A.: The ant system: optimization by a colony of cooperating agents. IEEE Transaction on System, Man, and Cybernetics-Part B 26(1), 29–41 (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Costa, D., Hertz, A.: Ants can colour graphs. Journal of the Operational Research Society 48, 295–305 (1997)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  25. Schoonderwoerd, R., Holland, O., Bruten, J.: Ant-like agents for load balancing in telecommunication networks. In: Proceedings of the First International Conference on Autonomous Agents, pp. 209–216 (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Schoonderwoerd, R., Holland, O., Bruten, J.: Ant-based load balancing in telecommunication networks. Adoptive Behavior 5(2), 169–207 (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Caro, G.D., Dorigo, M.: AntNet: A Mobile Agents Approach to Adaptive Routing, Technical Report 97-12. IRIDIA Universite Libre de Bruxelles (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Caro, G.D., Dorigo, M.: Antnet: distributed stigmergetic control for communications networks. Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 9, 317–365 (1998)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  29. Montresor, A.: Anthill: A framework for the design and analysis of peer-to-peer systems. In: Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems, pp. 15–22 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Babaoglu, O., Meling, H., Montresor, A.: Anthill: A Framework for the Development of Agent-Based Peer-to-Peer Systems, Technical Report UBLCS-2001-09 (revised). Department of Computer Science, University of Bologna, Bologna (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  31. Shudo, K., Tanaka, Y., Sekiguchi, S.: Overlay weaver: an overlay construction toolkit. In: Proceedings of Symposium on Advanced Computing Systems and Infrastructures, 183–191 (2006) (in Japanese)

    Google Scholar 

  32. Satoh, I.: A mobile agent-based framework for active networks. In: Proceedings of IEEE System, Man and Cybernetics Conference, pp. 71–76 (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  33. Dasgupta, P.: Improving peer-to-peer resource discovery using mobile agent based referrals. In: Moro, G., Sartori, C., Singh, M.P. (eds.) AP2PC 2003. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 2872, pp. 186–197. Springer, Heidelberg (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  34. Yang, K., Wu, C., Ho, J.: Antsearch: an ant search algorithm in unstructured peer-to-peer networks. IEICE Transaction on Fundamentals/Commun./Electron./Inf.&Syst. E85-A/B/C/D (1), 1–9 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  35. Michlmayr, E.: Ant algorithms for search in unstructured peer-to-peer networks. In: Proccedings of the 22nd International Conference on Data Engineering Workshops, pp. 142–146 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  36. Babaoglu, O., Jelasity, M., Canright, G., Urnes, T., Deutsch, A., Ganguly, N., Caro, G.D., Ducatelle, F., Gambardella, L.M., Montemanni, R.: Design pattern from biology for distributed computing. ACM Transaction on Autonomous and Adaptive Systems 1(1), 26–66 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Popescu, B., Crispo, B., Tanenbaum, A.S.: Safe and private data sharing with turtle: friends team-up and beat the system. In: Proccedings of the 12th Cambridge International Workshop on Security Protocols, pp. 213–220 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  38. Yang, B., Garcia-Molina, H.: Designing a super-peer network. In: Proceedings of the 19th IEEE International Conference on Data Engineering, pp. 49–63 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Computer and Information Engineering, Nippon Institute of Technology, 4-1 Gakuendai, Miyashiro-cho, Minamisaitama-gun, Saitama, 345-8501, Japan

    Yasushi Kambayashi & Yoshikuni Harada

Authors
  1. Yasushi Kambayashi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Yoshikuni Harada
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Wroclaw University of Technolgy, Poland

    Ngoc Thanh Nguyen

  2. University of South Australia, Australia

    Lakhmi C. Jain

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2009 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Kambayashi, Y., Harada, Y. (2009). A Resource Discovery Method Based on Multiple Mobile Agents in P2P Systems. In: Nguyen, N.T., Jain, L.C. (eds) Intelligent Agents in the Evolution of Web and Applications. Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol 167. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-88071-4_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-88071-4_6

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-88070-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-88071-4

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation