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Living Chain Three-Dimensional Radical Polymerization

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Three-Dimensional Free-Radical Polymerization

Based on analysis of the mechanism of anion polymerization in the living chains mode, the authors have formulated necessary and sufficient conditions for the implementation of the living chains conditions for radical polymerization. Also, achievements in the field of controlled radical polymerization (CRP) and mechanisms of these processes for obtaining linear polymers [nitroxide-mediated polymerization (NMP) and atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP)] are briefly described in Chap. 3. Different options for producing cross-linked polymers under three-dimensional free-radical polymerization (TFRP) in the living chains conditions are described in detail and supported by experimental results obtained by the authors. Kinetics of cross-linked polymer formation plus mechanical and diffusion properties of obtained cross-linked polymers are compared with relevant results of conventional TFRP. Comparison of results enabled the author to formulate tactics for macromolecular design of cross-linked polymers and areas of application for polymeric materials with modified topology and morphology.

Living radical polymerization, living chains in radical polymerization, or, to be more exact, radical polymerization in the living chains conditions The term “controlled radical polymerization (CRP)” is generally accepted in publications in English, but we believe that this term covers a wider range of phenomena than radical polymerization in the living chains conditions. Thus, we will use the latter from now on., is a new and rapidly developing area in the field of radical polymerization, which appeared in the beginning of the 1990s The history of discovery of living free-radical polymerization and stages of its evolution are described in reviews [1, 2]. as a result of the discovery (during the previous decade) of a new elementary act of the polymerization process that involves the participation of chain carrier radicals ~R●: the reversible addition of ~R● to stable free radicals or to certain metal complexes. No less than 400–500 publications devoted to living radical chains appeared annually in 2004–2007, and this fact serves as evidence of the high scientific and applied significance, as well as of the promising character, of this new area of scientific research. Of course only key publications related to living chains in linear radical polymerization are analyzed in this chapter, while publications on three-dimensional free-radical polymerization in the living chains conditions are represented exhaustively, and special attention is given to living chains three-dimensional free-radical polymerization as a tool for macromolecular design of cross-linked polymers.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia

    Gennady V. Korolev (Prof.Dr)

  2. Kaznacheyskaya ulitca, Dom 13, flat 1, 198031, St. Petersburg, Russia

    Michael M. Mogilevich (Prof.Dr)

Authors
  1. Gennady V. Korolev
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  2. Michael M. Mogilevich
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Korolev, G.V., Mogilevich, M.M. (2009). Living Chain Three-Dimensional Radical Polymerization. In: Three-Dimensional Free-Radical Polymerization. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-87567-3_3

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