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Lichen-Forming Fungi and Their Photobionts

  • Chapter
Plant Relationships

Part of the book series: The Mycota ((MYCOTA,volume 5))

Abstract

Lichens are the symbiotic phenotype of nutritionally specialized fungi, ecologically obligate biotrophs which acquire fixed carbon from a population of minute photobiont cells (Honegger 1991). Lichenforming fungi (also referred to as lichen mycobionts) are, like plant or animal pathogens or mycorrhizal fungi, a polyphyletic, taxonomically diverse group of nutritional specialists, but are otherwise normal representatives of their fungal classes. They differ from non-lichenized taxa by their manifold adaptations to symbiosis with a population of minute photobiont cells. Lichenization is a successful nutritional strategy, almost 20% of all fungal species being lichenized (Kirk et al. 2001). More than 10% of terrestrial ecosystems are lichen-dominated; these are the sites where vascular plants are at their physiological limits: high alpine, arctic, antarctic and desert ecosystems.

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  1. Institute of Plant Biology, University of ZüCrich, Zollikerstrasse 107, 8008, Zürich, Switzerland

    Rosmarie Honegger

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  1. Rosmarie Honegger
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Correspondence to Rosmarie Honegger .

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  1. Phytopathologie und Pflanzenschutz, Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät III Institut für Agrar- und Ernährungswissenschaften, Ludwig-Wucherer-Str. 2, 06099, Halle (Saale), Germany

    Holger B. Deising

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Honegger, R. (2009). Lichen-Forming Fungi and Their Photobionts. In: Deising, H.B. (eds) Plant Relationships. The Mycota, vol 5. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-87407-2_16

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