Abstract
There are basically two ways to build a high-power FEL. At infrared and optical wavelengths an optical resonator is utilized and the FEL radiation pulse passes a short undulator magnet very many times in close spatial overlap with an electron bunch. In each passage the light intensity grows by just a few per cent but after very many round trips a large overall amplification is achieved. A striking example is the infrared FEL at the Thomas Jefferson Laboratory in Newport News, Virginia, USA where an average FEL beam power of more than 10 kW has been achieved at wavelengths of 6 resp. 1.6 μm [1]. It is even possible to reach laser saturation in an FEL equipped with an optical cavity, but one has to realize that near saturation the initially uniform particle distribution inside the bunch acquires the microbunch structure discussed below.
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Reference
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Schmüser, P., Dohlus, M., Dohlus, J. (2008). One-Dimensional Theory of the High-Gain FEL. In: Ultraviolet and Soft X-Ray Free-Electron Lasers. Springer Tracts in Modern Physics, vol 229. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-79572-8_4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-79572-8_4
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